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represent to themselves

  • 1 renuncio

    rĕ-nuntĭo ( rĕnuncĭo), āvi, ātum, 1, v. a.
    I. A.
    In gen. (rare and mostly ante-class.;

    syn. refero): quid nunc renuntiem abs te responsum, Chreme?

    Ter. Heaut. 4, 8, 18:

    hoc alii mihi renuntiant,

    Plaut. Ps. 1, 5, 6; cf. id. ib. 1, 5, 36:

    quia nihil a quoquam renuntiabatur,

    no answer was brought, Suet. Ner. 47:

    teque ad patrem esse mortuum renuntiem,

    Plaut. Bacch. 1, 2, 49.—With obj.clause:

    istaec quae tibi renuntiantur, filium te velle circumducere,

    Plaut. Ps. 1, 5, 15:

    quasi non tibi renuntiata sint haec, sic fore,

    Ter. And. 3, 2, 28:

    Alexandro regi renuntiatam adeo divitem (insulam),

    Plin. 6, 31, 36, § 198:

    is me nunc renuntiare repudium jussit tibi,

    Plaut. Aul. 4, 10, 54; Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 72:

    deliberet renuntietque hodie mihi, Velintne annon,

    id. Hec. 3, 5, 58:

    hunc metuebam, ne meae Uxori renuntiaret de pallā,

    Plaut. Men. 2, 3, 67.— Impers., Plaut. Aul. 4, 1, 18: posteaquam mihi renuntiatum est de obitu Tulliae filiae tuae, Sulp. ap. Cic. Fam. 4, 5, 1:

    tibi renuntiari sic me habere in animo,

    Cic. Clu. 5, 17.— Absol.:

    abi et renuntia,

    Plaut. Bacch. 4, 2, 10; Ter. Heaut. 4, 4, 5:

    rus abiisse aiebant, nunc domum renuntio,

    Plaut. Merc. 4, 5, 2:

    huc,

    Ter. And. 3, 4, 15:

    ita mihi renuntiatum est, quibus credo satis,

    Plaut. Poen. 3, 5, 19; so,

    renuntiatum est,

    Ter. And. 3, 2, 21.—
    B.
    In partic., publicists' and jurid. t. t., to state officially, to report, declare, proclaim, announce, etc. (freq. and class.;

    syn. indico): legati ex auctoritate haec Caesari renuntiant, Intelligere se, etc.,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 35:

    Volusenus perspectis regionibus... ad Caesarem revertitur quaeque ibi perspexisset, renuntiat,

    id. B. G. 4, 21 fin.; cf. id. ib. 7, 5:

    Roscius postulata Caesaris renuntiat,

    id. B. C. 1, 10:

    Caesari renuntiaverunt, pulverem majorem in eā parte videri,

    id. B. G. 4, 32:

    Caesar cognoscit Considium timore perterritum, quod non vidisset, pro viso sibi renuntiasse,

    id. ib. 1, 22:

    si ille vir legationem renuntiare potuisset,

    had been able to give an account of his mission, Cic. Phil. 9, 1, 1; so,

    legationem,

    Liv. 9, 4; 23, 6; 35, 32; 36, 35; 39, 33; Plin. Ep. 4, 9, 20 al.; cf.:

    haec dicta legatis renuntiataque in consilium,

    Liv. 29, 3:

    nunc imperant pullario: ille renuntiat,

    Cic. Div. 2, 35, 74; cf. Liv. 34, 44:

    haec cum renuntiata essent,

    id. 36, 1, 4:

    renuntiat collegae facturum se quod is censeret,

    id. 37, 1, 8:

    tribuni revocaturos se easdem tribus renuntiarunt,

    id. 45, 36 fin.:

    hostium numerum,

    Cic. ad Q. Fr. 3, 2, 2:

    acta et imperia tua domum ad senatum suum renuntiaverunt,

    id. Verr. 2, 3, 31, § 73.— Esp. of the official announcement of an election (either by the praeco or the presiding magistrate), to declare or announce elected, to make the return: coepti sunt a praecone renuntiari, quem quaeque [p. 1566] tribus fecerint aedilem, Varr. R. R. 3, 17; cf.:

    cum esset praetor renuntiatus,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 15, § 38:

    cum propter dilationem comitiorum ter praetor primus centuriis cunctis renuntiatus sum,

    id. Imp. Pomp. 1, 2:

    eo modo sacerdos Climarchias renuntiatus est,

    id. Verr. 2, 2, 52, § 129:

    qui (magistratus) priusquam renuntiarentur,

    Liv. 5, 18 et saep.:

    aliquem consulem,

    Cic. Mur. 1, 1; cf. id. de Or. 2, 64, 260:

    ut hostis renuntiaretur,

    declared a public enemy, Spart. Jul. 5, 3:

    dictator comitia consularia habuit aemulumque decoris sui absentem M. Valerium Corvum consulem renuntiavit,

    Liv. 7, 26; Plin. Pan. 92, 3; Val. Max. 3, 8, ext. 3: renuntiare repudium, v. h. v.—
    2.
    Transf., in gen., to announce, report, declare:

    assentior vero renuntioque vobis, nihil esse, quod adhuc de re publicā dictum putemus,

    Cic. Rep. 2, 44, 71.—
    C.
    Renuntiare sibi, to report to one ' s self, impress on one ' s own mind, i. e. reflect, think: qui renuntient sibi, quanta sit humani ingenii vis, quam potens efficiendi, quae velit, represent to themselves, i. e. think, meditate, Quint. 12, 11, 10; cf.:

    potest et illa res a luctu te prohibere nimio, si tibi ipse renuntiaveris, nihil horum, quae facis, posse subduco,

    Sen. ad Polyb. 6 (25), 1.—
    II.
    ( Re negative or qs. rejecting.) To retract, revoke, recall, refuse; to give up, break off, protest against, disclaim, renounce (good prose): Pa. Ad cenam hercle alio promisi foras. Ge. Jube domi cenam coqui Atque ad illum renuntiari, Plaut. Stich. 4, 2, 19; cf.:

    renuntiari extemplo amicis, quos in consilium rogaverat, imperavit,

    Sen. Clem. 1, 9:

    ego illi ad prandium promisissem, and prandium renuntiassem,

    id. Suas. 2, 12: incensus hospitium ei renuntiat;

    domo ejus emigrat,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 36, § 89:

    societatem et amicitiam alicui,

    Liv. 36, 3; so,

    societatem alicui,

    id. 38, 31:

    amicitiam alicui,

    id. 42, 25, 1; Tac. A. 2, 70; Suet. Calig. 3:

    renuntiat Habonius illam decisionem tutoribus,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 54, § 141; cf. id. ib. 1, 6, 16.— Absol.:

    quid imprudentius publicanis renuntiantibus?

    Cic. Att. 2, 1, 8:

    nemo ingemuit, etc.... pedem nemo in illo judicio supplosit, credo, ne Stoicis renuntiaretur,

    id. de Or. 1, 53:

    civilibus officiis,

    Quint. 10, 7, 1; Plin. Ep. 2, 1, 8:

    vitae,

    Suet. Galb. 11:

    foro,

    id. Rhet. 6:

    Campaniae,

    Sen. Q. N. 6, 1, 10:

    inertiae,

    Plin. Pan. 59, 2:

    nuptiis,

    Tert. ad Uxor. 1, 1:

    societati,

    Dig. 17, 19, 65, § 3.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > renuncio

  • 2 renuntio

    rĕ-nuntĭo ( rĕnuncĭo), āvi, ātum, 1, v. a.
    I. A.
    In gen. (rare and mostly ante-class.;

    syn. refero): quid nunc renuntiem abs te responsum, Chreme?

    Ter. Heaut. 4, 8, 18:

    hoc alii mihi renuntiant,

    Plaut. Ps. 1, 5, 6; cf. id. ib. 1, 5, 36:

    quia nihil a quoquam renuntiabatur,

    no answer was brought, Suet. Ner. 47:

    teque ad patrem esse mortuum renuntiem,

    Plaut. Bacch. 1, 2, 49.—With obj.clause:

    istaec quae tibi renuntiantur, filium te velle circumducere,

    Plaut. Ps. 1, 5, 15:

    quasi non tibi renuntiata sint haec, sic fore,

    Ter. And. 3, 2, 28:

    Alexandro regi renuntiatam adeo divitem (insulam),

    Plin. 6, 31, 36, § 198:

    is me nunc renuntiare repudium jussit tibi,

    Plaut. Aul. 4, 10, 54; Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 72:

    deliberet renuntietque hodie mihi, Velintne annon,

    id. Hec. 3, 5, 58:

    hunc metuebam, ne meae Uxori renuntiaret de pallā,

    Plaut. Men. 2, 3, 67.— Impers., Plaut. Aul. 4, 1, 18: posteaquam mihi renuntiatum est de obitu Tulliae filiae tuae, Sulp. ap. Cic. Fam. 4, 5, 1:

    tibi renuntiari sic me habere in animo,

    Cic. Clu. 5, 17.— Absol.:

    abi et renuntia,

    Plaut. Bacch. 4, 2, 10; Ter. Heaut. 4, 4, 5:

    rus abiisse aiebant, nunc domum renuntio,

    Plaut. Merc. 4, 5, 2:

    huc,

    Ter. And. 3, 4, 15:

    ita mihi renuntiatum est, quibus credo satis,

    Plaut. Poen. 3, 5, 19; so,

    renuntiatum est,

    Ter. And. 3, 2, 21.—
    B.
    In partic., publicists' and jurid. t. t., to state officially, to report, declare, proclaim, announce, etc. (freq. and class.;

    syn. indico): legati ex auctoritate haec Caesari renuntiant, Intelligere se, etc.,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 35:

    Volusenus perspectis regionibus... ad Caesarem revertitur quaeque ibi perspexisset, renuntiat,

    id. B. G. 4, 21 fin.; cf. id. ib. 7, 5:

    Roscius postulata Caesaris renuntiat,

    id. B. C. 1, 10:

    Caesari renuntiaverunt, pulverem majorem in eā parte videri,

    id. B. G. 4, 32:

    Caesar cognoscit Considium timore perterritum, quod non vidisset, pro viso sibi renuntiasse,

    id. ib. 1, 22:

    si ille vir legationem renuntiare potuisset,

    had been able to give an account of his mission, Cic. Phil. 9, 1, 1; so,

    legationem,

    Liv. 9, 4; 23, 6; 35, 32; 36, 35; 39, 33; Plin. Ep. 4, 9, 20 al.; cf.:

    haec dicta legatis renuntiataque in consilium,

    Liv. 29, 3:

    nunc imperant pullario: ille renuntiat,

    Cic. Div. 2, 35, 74; cf. Liv. 34, 44:

    haec cum renuntiata essent,

    id. 36, 1, 4:

    renuntiat collegae facturum se quod is censeret,

    id. 37, 1, 8:

    tribuni revocaturos se easdem tribus renuntiarunt,

    id. 45, 36 fin.:

    hostium numerum,

    Cic. ad Q. Fr. 3, 2, 2:

    acta et imperia tua domum ad senatum suum renuntiaverunt,

    id. Verr. 2, 3, 31, § 73.— Esp. of the official announcement of an election (either by the praeco or the presiding magistrate), to declare or announce elected, to make the return: coepti sunt a praecone renuntiari, quem quaeque [p. 1566] tribus fecerint aedilem, Varr. R. R. 3, 17; cf.:

    cum esset praetor renuntiatus,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 15, § 38:

    cum propter dilationem comitiorum ter praetor primus centuriis cunctis renuntiatus sum,

    id. Imp. Pomp. 1, 2:

    eo modo sacerdos Climarchias renuntiatus est,

    id. Verr. 2, 2, 52, § 129:

    qui (magistratus) priusquam renuntiarentur,

    Liv. 5, 18 et saep.:

    aliquem consulem,

    Cic. Mur. 1, 1; cf. id. de Or. 2, 64, 260:

    ut hostis renuntiaretur,

    declared a public enemy, Spart. Jul. 5, 3:

    dictator comitia consularia habuit aemulumque decoris sui absentem M. Valerium Corvum consulem renuntiavit,

    Liv. 7, 26; Plin. Pan. 92, 3; Val. Max. 3, 8, ext. 3: renuntiare repudium, v. h. v.—
    2.
    Transf., in gen., to announce, report, declare:

    assentior vero renuntioque vobis, nihil esse, quod adhuc de re publicā dictum putemus,

    Cic. Rep. 2, 44, 71.—
    C.
    Renuntiare sibi, to report to one ' s self, impress on one ' s own mind, i. e. reflect, think: qui renuntient sibi, quanta sit humani ingenii vis, quam potens efficiendi, quae velit, represent to themselves, i. e. think, meditate, Quint. 12, 11, 10; cf.:

    potest et illa res a luctu te prohibere nimio, si tibi ipse renuntiaveris, nihil horum, quae facis, posse subduco,

    Sen. ad Polyb. 6 (25), 1.—
    II.
    ( Re negative or qs. rejecting.) To retract, revoke, recall, refuse; to give up, break off, protest against, disclaim, renounce (good prose): Pa. Ad cenam hercle alio promisi foras. Ge. Jube domi cenam coqui Atque ad illum renuntiari, Plaut. Stich. 4, 2, 19; cf.:

    renuntiari extemplo amicis, quos in consilium rogaverat, imperavit,

    Sen. Clem. 1, 9:

    ego illi ad prandium promisissem, and prandium renuntiassem,

    id. Suas. 2, 12: incensus hospitium ei renuntiat;

    domo ejus emigrat,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 36, § 89:

    societatem et amicitiam alicui,

    Liv. 36, 3; so,

    societatem alicui,

    id. 38, 31:

    amicitiam alicui,

    id. 42, 25, 1; Tac. A. 2, 70; Suet. Calig. 3:

    renuntiat Habonius illam decisionem tutoribus,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 54, § 141; cf. id. ib. 1, 6, 16.— Absol.:

    quid imprudentius publicanis renuntiantibus?

    Cic. Att. 2, 1, 8:

    nemo ingemuit, etc.... pedem nemo in illo judicio supplosit, credo, ne Stoicis renuntiaretur,

    id. de Or. 1, 53:

    civilibus officiis,

    Quint. 10, 7, 1; Plin. Ep. 2, 1, 8:

    vitae,

    Suet. Galb. 11:

    foro,

    id. Rhet. 6:

    Campaniae,

    Sen. Q. N. 6, 1, 10:

    inertiae,

    Plin. Pan. 59, 2:

    nuptiis,

    Tert. ad Uxor. 1, 1:

    societati,

    Dig. 17, 19, 65, § 3.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > renuntio

  • 3 adaptación

    f.
    1 adaptation, adjustment, fitting, accommodation.
    2 adaptation.
    3 porting.
    * * *
    1 adaptation
    * * *
    noun f.
    * * *
    * * *
    a) ( proceso) adaptation, adjustment
    b) ( cosa adaptada) adaptation
    * * *
    = adaptation, customisation [customization, -USA], profiling, tweaking, tailoring, retrofitting, tweak, accommodation, acclimatisation [acclimatization, -USA], adjustment, adaptability.
    Ex. Which title will collocate the various editions, translations, adaptations, and so on of this document?.
    Ex. The evaluation model therefore is subject to a degree of customisation to adapt it to the project environment.
    Ex. Some excursions into cognitive science have led to the profiling of users' backgrounds, differences and immediate need.
    Ex. The PCC intends that Program records, full or core, represent acceptable bibliographic control such that record ' tweaking' at the local level is minimized.
    Ex. To haul themselves out of their bog, their networks must facilitate tailoring of records to meet local needs.
    Ex. This paper describes the recipients of the award, 3 of which won for new buildings, 1 a major renovation and 2 adaptive retrofittings of library structures.
    Ex. This system simultaneously searches the Web and a large, multidisciplinary, full text database, using a relevance system with some clever tweaks.
    Ex. Whatever structure emerges will be one of accommodation and acceptance by the various stakeholders both in and outside the library.
    Ex. The second section discusses the contributions faculty can make to the successful acclimatization of their handicapped students to college life.
    Ex. Even in situations where there is a published list covering the requirements of the type of library to be indexed, this list is likely to require adjustment in order to make it compatible with local requirements.
    Ex. The duration of the cycle varies markedly from institution to institution, dependent upon the adaptability of the institutional structure to challenge and change.
    ----
    * adaptación a las circunstancias locales = localisation [localization, -USA].
    * adaptación al cine = film adaptation.
    * adaptación cinematográfica = film adaptation.
    * adaptación musical = adaptation, musical adaptation.
    * adaptación para televisión = dramatisation [dramatization].
    * adaptación social = social adjustment.
    * adaptación teatral = dramatisation [dramatization].
    * adaptación tecnológica = adaptive technology.
    * de adaptación = adaptive.
    * * *
    a) ( proceso) adaptation, adjustment
    b) ( cosa adaptada) adaptation
    * * *
    = adaptation, customisation [customization, -USA], profiling, tweaking, tailoring, retrofitting, tweak, accommodation, acclimatisation [acclimatization, -USA], adjustment, adaptability.

    Ex: Which title will collocate the various editions, translations, adaptations, and so on of this document?.

    Ex: The evaluation model therefore is subject to a degree of customisation to adapt it to the project environment.
    Ex: Some excursions into cognitive science have led to the profiling of users' backgrounds, differences and immediate need.
    Ex: The PCC intends that Program records, full or core, represent acceptable bibliographic control such that record ' tweaking' at the local level is minimized.
    Ex: To haul themselves out of their bog, their networks must facilitate tailoring of records to meet local needs.
    Ex: This paper describes the recipients of the award, 3 of which won for new buildings, 1 a major renovation and 2 adaptive retrofittings of library structures.
    Ex: This system simultaneously searches the Web and a large, multidisciplinary, full text database, using a relevance system with some clever tweaks.
    Ex: Whatever structure emerges will be one of accommodation and acceptance by the various stakeholders both in and outside the library.
    Ex: The second section discusses the contributions faculty can make to the successful acclimatization of their handicapped students to college life.
    Ex: Even in situations where there is a published list covering the requirements of the type of library to be indexed, this list is likely to require adjustment in order to make it compatible with local requirements.
    Ex: The duration of the cycle varies markedly from institution to institution, dependent upon the adaptability of the institutional structure to challenge and change.
    * adaptación a las circunstancias locales = localisation [localization, -USA].
    * adaptación al cine = film adaptation.
    * adaptación cinematográfica = film adaptation.
    * adaptación musical = adaptation, musical adaptation.
    * adaptación para televisión = dramatisation [dramatization].
    * adaptación social = social adjustment.
    * adaptación teatral = dramatisation [dramatization].
    * adaptación tecnológica = adaptive technology.
    * de adaptación = adaptive.

    * * *
    1 (proceso) adaptation, adjustment
    admiro tu capacidad de adaptación I admire your ability to adapt o your adaptability
    2 (cosa adaptada) adaptation
    la adaptación cinematográfica the screen o movie o film version, the screen o movie o film adaptation
    es una adaptación del sistema usado por Parker it is an adaptation of the system used by Parker
    * * *

     

    adaptación sustantivo femenino



    adaptación sustantivo femenino adaptation
    ' adaptación' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    libre
    - medio
    English:
    adaptation
    - adjustment
    - arrangement
    - dramatization
    - dramatize
    * * *
    1. [acomodación] adjustment (a to);
    adaptación al medio adaptation to the environment
    2. [modificación] adaptation;
    la película es una buena adaptación del libro the film is a good adaptation of the book
    * * *
    f adaptation
    * * *
    adaptación nf, pl - ciones : adaptation, adjustment

    Spanish-English dictionary > adaptación

  • 4 ajuste

    m.
    1 fitting.
    ajuste de cuentas settling of scores
    2 adjustment, setting, fix, adjusting.
    3 fit.
    4 final touch, smoothing.
    5 imposition, enactment.
    pres.subj.
    3rd person singular (él/ella/ello) Present Subjunctive of Spanish verb: ajustar.
    * * *
    1 (unión) adjustment, fitting
    2 TÉCNICA assembly
    3 COMERCIO settlement, fixing
    4 (tipografía) make-up, composition
    \
    ajuste de cuentas figurado settling of scores
    * * *
    noun m.
    * * *
    SM
    1) (Téc) adjustment

    ¿cómo se hace el ajuste del brillo en este televisor? — how do you adjust the brightness on this television?

    carta 7)
    2) (=adaptación) adjustment

    ajuste de plantilla — Esp redeployment of labour o (EEUU) labor

    3) (=pacto)
    4) (Cos)
    5) (Tip) composition, make-up
    6) (Jur) (=honorarios) retaining fee; (=sobrepaga) bonus
    7) Méx [de motor] overhaul
    * * *
    1)
    a) ( apretamiento) tightening (up)
    b) ( regulación) adjustment
    2) (de gastos, horarios) readjustment; ( de sueldos) adjustment
    3) ( de precio) fixing
    •
    * * *
    = adjustment, alignment, customisation [customization, -USA], fine tuning [fine-tuning], tightening up, tweaking, tailoring, tweak, tightening, refinement.
    Ex. Even in situations where there is a published list covering the requirements of the type of library to be indexed, this list is likely to require adjustment in order to make it compatible with local requirements.
    Ex. Word processing packages must be able to permit the user to manipulate test, as is necessary in alignment of margins, insertion and deletion of paragraphs, arrange for text to appear in the centre of the page and underline.
    Ex. The evaluation model therefore is subject to a degree of customisation to adapt it to the project environment.
    Ex. A second important purpose was to facilitate the initial ' fine tuning' of the system following its initial deployment.
    Ex. This appears to be a tightening up of the definition rather than a new approach.
    Ex. The PCC intends that Program records, full or core, represent acceptable bibliographic control such that record ' tweaking' at the local level is minimized.
    Ex. To haul themselves out of their bog, their networks must facilitate tailoring of records to meet local needs.
    Ex. This system simultaneously searches the Web and a large, multidisciplinary, full text database, using a relevance system with some clever tweaks.
    Ex. Previous policies allowed professional interaction but recent tightening has made that more difficult.
    Ex. Also search strategy can be modified relatively easily, where only refinements or slight modifications in index terms are appropriate.
    ----
    * ajuste de cuentas = grudge fight, grudge match, settling of scores.
    * ajuste de la componente estacional = seasonal adjustment.
    * ajuste estacional = seasonal adjustment.
    * buen ajuste = good fit.
    * hacer ajustes = make + adjustment.
    * hacer pequeños ajustes = tinker + around the edges, tinker with.
    * pequeños ajustes = tinkering.
    * * *
    1)
    a) ( apretamiento) tightening (up)
    b) ( regulación) adjustment
    2) (de gastos, horarios) readjustment; ( de sueldos) adjustment
    3) ( de precio) fixing
    •
    * * *
    = adjustment, alignment, customisation [customization, -USA], fine tuning [fine-tuning], tightening up, tweaking, tailoring, tweak, tightening, refinement.

    Ex: Even in situations where there is a published list covering the requirements of the type of library to be indexed, this list is likely to require adjustment in order to make it compatible with local requirements.

    Ex: Word processing packages must be able to permit the user to manipulate test, as is necessary in alignment of margins, insertion and deletion of paragraphs, arrange for text to appear in the centre of the page and underline.
    Ex: The evaluation model therefore is subject to a degree of customisation to adapt it to the project environment.
    Ex: A second important purpose was to facilitate the initial ' fine tuning' of the system following its initial deployment.
    Ex: This appears to be a tightening up of the definition rather than a new approach.
    Ex: The PCC intends that Program records, full or core, represent acceptable bibliographic control such that record ' tweaking' at the local level is minimized.
    Ex: To haul themselves out of their bog, their networks must facilitate tailoring of records to meet local needs.
    Ex: This system simultaneously searches the Web and a large, multidisciplinary, full text database, using a relevance system with some clever tweaks.
    Ex: Previous policies allowed professional interaction but recent tightening has made that more difficult.
    Ex: Also search strategy can be modified relatively easily, where only refinements or slight modifications in index terms are appropriate.
    * ajuste de cuentas = grudge fight, grudge match, settling of scores.
    * ajuste de la componente estacional = seasonal adjustment.
    * ajuste estacional = seasonal adjustment.
    * buen ajuste = good fit.
    * hacer ajustes = make + adjustment.
    * hacer pequeños ajustes = tinker + around the edges, tinker with.
    * pequeños ajustes = tinkering.

    * * *
    A
    1 (apretamiento) tightening (up)
    2 (regulación) adjustment
    3 (de páginas) makeup, composition
    Compuesto:
    ( Inf) word wrap
    B
    1 (de gastos, horarios) readjustment
    ajuste de plantilla redeployment of labor/staff
    2 (de sueldos) adjustment
    C (de precio) fixing
    sólo falta el ajuste del precio all that remains is to fix the price
    Compuesto:
    settling of scores
    * * *

     

    Del verbo ajustar: ( conjugate ajustar)

    ajusté es:

    1ª persona singular (yo) pretérito indicativo

    ajuste es:

    1ª persona singular (yo) presente subjuntivo

    3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) presente subjuntivo

    3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) imperativo

    Multiple Entries:
    ajustar    
    ajuste
    ajustar ( conjugate ajustar) verbo transitivo
    1

    b) ‹volumen/temperatura› to adjust;


    c) ‹retrovisor/asiento/cinturón de seguridad› to adjust

    d) ( encajar) ‹ piezas› to fit

    2 ( en costura) to take in
    3
    a) ‹gastos/horarios› ajuste algo a algo to adapt sth to sth

    b) ‹sueldos/precios› to adjust

    4 ( concertar) to fix, set
    5 ‹ cuentas› ( sacar el resultado de) to balance;
    ( saldar) to settle
    verbo intransitivo
    to fit
    ajustarse verbo pronominal
    1 ( refl) ‹ cinturón de seguridad› to adjust
    2 [ piezas] to fit
    ajustar verbo transitivo
    1 to adjust
    2 (apretar) to tighten
    (encajar) to fit
    3 Fin (cuenta) to settle
    ♦ Locuciones: figurado ¡ya te ajustaré las cuentas!, I'll get even with you!
    ajuste sustantivo masculino
    1 adjustment
    2 (económico) settlement
    figurado ajuste de cuentas, settling of scores
    ' ajuste' also found in these entries:
    English:
    adjust
    - adjustment
    - fit
    - setting
    * * *
    ajuste nm
    1. [de pieza] fitting;
    [de mecanismo] adjustment
    2. [ecónomico]
    las medidas de ajuste económico propuestas por el gobierno the economic measures proposed by the government
    ajuste de plantilla downsizing;
    ajustes presupuestarios budget adjustments;
    ajuste salarial wage adjustment
    3. RDom, Ven [pago único] = agreed payment for a piece of work
    4. Ven Fam [arreglo] deal;
    le va mal porque no hizo ajuste con los poderosos de turno it's going badly for him because he didn't square things o do a deal with those in power at the time
    5. Fig ajuste de cuentas:
    los ajustes de cuentas son frecuentes entre bandas rivales the settling of scores is common amongst rival gangs;
    murió en un ajuste de cuentas he died in a tit-for-tat killing
    * * *
    m adjustment;
    ajuste de cuentas settling of scores
    * * *
    ajuste nm
    1) : adjustment
    2) : tightening
    * * *
    ajuste n adjustment

    Spanish-English dictionary > ajuste

  • 5 ayuntamiento

    m.
    1 town council (British), city council (United States) (corporation).
    2 town hall (British), city hall (United States) (edificio).
    * * *
    1 (corporación) town council, city council
    2 (edificio) town hall, city hall
    \
    ayuntamiento carnal formal sexual intercourse
    * * *
    noun m.
    1) city council, town council
    2) city hall, town hall
    * * *
    SM
    1) (=corporación) district council, town council, city council
    2) (=Casa Consistorial) town hall, city hall
    3) (=cópula) sexual intercourse
    * * *
    masculino ( corporación) town/city council; ( edificio) town/city hall
    * * *
    = local authority, town hall, local government, municipal government, local council, town council, city hall, municipal authority, city council.
    Ex. The interplay of forces outside their individual control -- government, local authority, trade union, parent institution -- plays havoc with planning exercises.
    Ex. Most CACs occupied office-type accommodation in town halls, libraries and consumer protection departments.
    Ex. With local government reorganization in 1974 came changes in the boundaries of public library authorities.
    Ex. The library's own publications and documents recording the activities of important institutions such as municipal governments, corporations, or the university where the library is located, represent another category of material which often requires indexing by reference librarians.
    Ex. During the last 10 years the service level in the City has fallen and music has stagnated, since the local council library committee froze all expenditure on music in 1984.
    Ex. The aim was to reach as many people as possible; more unusual venues included a meeting of the town council, a church, the market square, and a prison.
    Ex. Among other buildings afire or still smoldering in eastern Baghdad today were the city hall and the National Library which was so thoroughly burned that heat still radiated 50 paces from its front doors.
    Ex. Municipal authorities themselves decide the objectives, scale and structure of their library services.
    Ex. This is because the chief librarian is personally accountable to the next higher level of authority such as the mayor, the city council, the hospital director, or the university president.
    ----
    * a cargo del ayuntamiento = local authority-run.
    * Centro de Información sobre el Ayuntamiento = Kommune Information Centre.
    * concejal del ayuntamiento = local councillor.
    * del ayuntamiento = local authority-run.
    * funcionario del ayuntamiento = city official, city worker.
    * gestionado por el ayuntamiento = city-administered.
    * sala de juntas del ayuntamiento = town council meeting room.
    * * *
    masculino ( corporación) town/city council; ( edificio) town/city hall
    * * *
    = local authority, town hall, local government, municipal government, local council, town council, city hall, municipal authority, city council.

    Ex: The interplay of forces outside their individual control -- government, local authority, trade union, parent institution -- plays havoc with planning exercises.

    Ex: Most CACs occupied office-type accommodation in town halls, libraries and consumer protection departments.
    Ex: With local government reorganization in 1974 came changes in the boundaries of public library authorities.
    Ex: The library's own publications and documents recording the activities of important institutions such as municipal governments, corporations, or the university where the library is located, represent another category of material which often requires indexing by reference librarians.
    Ex: During the last 10 years the service level in the City has fallen and music has stagnated, since the local council library committee froze all expenditure on music in 1984.
    Ex: The aim was to reach as many people as possible; more unusual venues included a meeting of the town council, a church, the market square, and a prison.
    Ex: Among other buildings afire or still smoldering in eastern Baghdad today were the city hall and the National Library which was so thoroughly burned that heat still radiated 50 paces from its front doors.
    Ex: Municipal authorities themselves decide the objectives, scale and structure of their library services.
    Ex: This is because the chief librarian is personally accountable to the next higher level of authority such as the mayor, the city council, the hospital director, or the university president.
    * a cargo del ayuntamiento = local authority-run.
    * Centro de Información sobre el Ayuntamiento = Kommune Information Centre.
    * concejal del ayuntamiento = local councillor.
    * del ayuntamiento = local authority-run.
    * funcionario del ayuntamiento = city official, city worker.
    * gestionado por el ayuntamiento = city-administered.
    * sala de juntas del ayuntamiento = town council meeting room.

    * * *
    (corporación) town/city council; (edificio) town/city hall
    Compuesto:
    ( ant); carnal knowledge ( arch)
    * * *

     

    ayuntamiento sustantivo masculino ( corporación) town/city council;
    ( edificio) town/city hall
    ayuntamiento sustantivo masculino
    1 (institución) town/city council
    2 (edificio) GB town hall, US city hall
    ' ayuntamiento' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    concejo
    - drogodependencia
    - fortificación
    - insonorización
    - municipio
    - nido
    English:
    city hall
    - clout
    - corporation
    - council
    - local council
    - town council
    - town hall
    - wedding reception
    - city
    - housing
    - town
    - township
    * * *
    1. [corporación] Br town council, US city council
    2. [edificio] Br town hall, US city hall
    3. Anticuado
    ayuntamiento (carnal) sexual congress
    * * *
    m city council, town council; edificio city hall, town hall
    * * *
    1) : town hall, city hall
    2) : town or city council
    * * *
    1. (institución) council
    2. (edificio) town hall

    Spanish-English dictionary > ayuntamiento

  • 6 cartulina

    f.
    1 card, thin cardboard.
    una carpeta de cartulina a cardboard folder
    2 pasteboard, bristol, Bristol board, cardboard.
    * * *
    1 thin cardboard
    * * *
    SF card

    cartulina amarilla — (Ftbl) yellow card

    cartulina roja — (Ftbl) red card

    * * *
    femenino card
    * * *
    = card, card stock, cardboard, flash card, work card [workcard].
    Ex. Punched cards are pieces of card of specified size in which holes are punched in columns according to a code in order to represent data.
    Ex. Not only does a peek-a-boo system require such apparatus as punches, but the cards themselves must be accurately printed on good quality card stock.
    Ex. A jacket or sleeve is a protective envelope for a sound disc, made of cardboard or paper.
    Ex. A flash card is a card or other opaque material printed with words, numerals, or pictures and designed for rapid display.
    Ex. The catalogue covers filmstrips, slides, films, filmloops, portfolios, posters, charts, overhead projection transparencies, kits, cassettes, gramophone records, work cards, educational games, spirit masters, etc.
    * * *
    femenino card
    * * *
    = card, card stock, cardboard, flash card, work card [workcard].

    Ex: Punched cards are pieces of card of specified size in which holes are punched in columns according to a code in order to represent data.

    Ex: Not only does a peek-a-boo system require such apparatus as punches, but the cards themselves must be accurately printed on good quality card stock.
    Ex: A jacket or sleeve is a protective envelope for a sound disc, made of cardboard or paper.
    Ex: A flash card is a card or other opaque material printed with words, numerals, or pictures and designed for rapid display.
    Ex: The catalogue covers filmstrips, slides, films, filmloops, portfolios, posters, charts, overhead projection transparencies, kits, cassettes, gramophone records, work cards, educational games, spirit masters, etc.

    * * *
    card
    Compuesto:
    cartulina amarilla/roja
    yellow/red card
    * * *

    cartulina sustantivo femenino
    card
    cartulina sustantivo femenino card
    Ftb cartulina amarilla/roja, yellow/red card
    ' cartulina' also found in these entries:
    English:
    cardboard
    - card
    * * *
    1. [cartón] card, thin cardboard;
    una carpeta de cartulina a cardboard folder
    2. [en deporte] card
    cartulina amarilla yellow card;
    cartulina roja red card
    * * *
    f sheet of card
    * * *
    : poster board, cardboard
    * * *
    cartulina n card

    Spanish-English dictionary > cartulina

  • 7 confusión

    f.
    1 confusion, mix-up, disorder, confusedness.
    2 perplexity, bafflement, confusion, confusedness.
    3 commotion, riot, clutter, hassle.
    4 scene of confusion, shambles.
    * * *
    1 (desorden) confusion, chaos
    2 (equivocación) mistake, confusion
    3 (turbación) confusion, embarrassment
    * * *
    noun f.
    * * *
    SF
    1) (=equivocación) confusion

    ha habido una confusión en los nombres — there was a mix-up with the names, there was some confusion with the names

    esta carta no es para mí, debe de tratarse de una confusión — this letter is not for me, there must be some mistake

    • por confusión — by mistake

    2) (=desconcierto) confusion
    3) (=turbación)
    * * *
    a) (desorden, caos) confusion
    b) ( perplejidad) confusion
    c) ( turbación) embarrassment
    d) ( equivocación) confusion
    * * *
    = confounding, confusion, mix-up [mixup], dislocation, welter, muddle, perplex, turbulence, turmoil, jumble, blurring, clouding, daze, messiness, obfuscation, turbulent waters, puzzle, miasma, snarl, snarl-up, brouhaha, perplexity.
    Ex. Experience of IT in USA is associated not infrequently with the confounding of confident expectations.
    Ex. In particular, when one command means one thing in one system and something else in another system this is likely to lead to confusion.
    Ex. You'll have to call him and tell him there's been a mix-up and that he'll be called as soon as there's another opening.
    Ex. SDC's ORBIT software is a variation on the ELHILL software used with MEDLINE, so users of that data base can move across to SDC with a minimum of dislocation.
    Ex. Without language we would go bumping around in the dark and eventually take leave of our senses under the welter of the incomprehensible, withdrawing, as some people do, into a closed world in order to protect ourselves against the unbearable onslaught.
    Ex. The author attempts to sort out the muddle in which librarians have found themselves = El autor intenta aclarar la confusión en la que se encuentran los bibliotecarios.
    Ex. The article 'The print perplex' asserts that librarians must deal with a future of mixed print and digital material, since most books will never be in digital form.
    Ex. The title of the article is 'Survival skills for information professionals in the decade of turbulence'.
    Ex. China has suffered from over a decade of turmoil which has prevented the development of modern information services.
    Ex. Compared to this fairly ordered monographic literature, the multiple contents of a collection of periodicals seemed like a terrible jumble.
    Ex. Read from the perspective of Bakhtin, this blurring of genres is also a blurring of idealogies.
    Ex. A major problem for the technician is one of recognition in situations where there is a clouding of identification with clerical staff.
    Ex. The article 'The daze of future business research' examines changing trends in online business information searching with the rush to the Internet.
    Ex. Management theorists seem unable to cope with the unpredictability, the multivariate nature and the ' messiness' of human organizations in cultural contexts.
    Ex. The results has been an ever greater obfuscation of what constitutes the profession of librarianship.
    Ex. His experience and expertise has guided IFLA members smoothly across what could easily have been turbulent waters = Sus conocimientos y experiencia en la formulación de los Estatutos ha guiado a los miembros de la IFLA sin problemas a través de lo que podrían haber sido fácilmente aguas turbulentas.
    Ex. We talk heatedly about books that lie beyond our present concerns because these allow us to speculate and often present us with puzzles we want to explore.
    Ex. The past is often shrouded in a miasma of uncertain memories confounded by missing or incomplete records.
    Ex. His work is such a snarl of so many different things that it is as endlessly demanding as it is rewarding.
    Ex. However, taxi is a more advisable option considering the never-ending Bangkok traffic snarl-up, especially during the rush hour.
    Ex. He believes that most political brouhahas are cooked up to divert the public's attention from the real terrorism.
    Ex. The combination of perplexity over what is the right mix and apparent inability to represent information activity dynamically is very strong.
    ----
    * aclarar una confusión = unravel + snarl.
    * aumentar la confusión = add to + the confusion.
    * causar confusión = wreak + confusion, cause + confusion.
    * confusión económica = economic turmoil.
    * confusión histórica = historical confusion.
    * de un modo que causa confusión = confusingly.
    * estado de confusión = state of confusion.
    * llevar a confusión = lead to + confusion.
    * que induce a confusión = confounding.
    * * *
    a) (desorden, caos) confusion
    b) ( perplejidad) confusion
    c) ( turbación) embarrassment
    d) ( equivocación) confusion
    * * *
    = confounding, confusion, mix-up [mixup], dislocation, welter, muddle, perplex, turbulence, turmoil, jumble, blurring, clouding, daze, messiness, obfuscation, turbulent waters, puzzle, miasma, snarl, snarl-up, brouhaha, perplexity.

    Ex: Experience of IT in USA is associated not infrequently with the confounding of confident expectations.

    Ex: In particular, when one command means one thing in one system and something else in another system this is likely to lead to confusion.
    Ex: You'll have to call him and tell him there's been a mix-up and that he'll be called as soon as there's another opening.
    Ex: SDC's ORBIT software is a variation on the ELHILL software used with MEDLINE, so users of that data base can move across to SDC with a minimum of dislocation.
    Ex: Without language we would go bumping around in the dark and eventually take leave of our senses under the welter of the incomprehensible, withdrawing, as some people do, into a closed world in order to protect ourselves against the unbearable onslaught.
    Ex: The author attempts to sort out the muddle in which librarians have found themselves = El autor intenta aclarar la confusión en la que se encuentran los bibliotecarios.
    Ex: The article 'The print perplex' asserts that librarians must deal with a future of mixed print and digital material, since most books will never be in digital form.
    Ex: The title of the article is 'Survival skills for information professionals in the decade of turbulence'.
    Ex: China has suffered from over a decade of turmoil which has prevented the development of modern information services.
    Ex: Compared to this fairly ordered monographic literature, the multiple contents of a collection of periodicals seemed like a terrible jumble.
    Ex: Read from the perspective of Bakhtin, this blurring of genres is also a blurring of idealogies.
    Ex: A major problem for the technician is one of recognition in situations where there is a clouding of identification with clerical staff.
    Ex: The article 'The daze of future business research' examines changing trends in online business information searching with the rush to the Internet.
    Ex: Management theorists seem unable to cope with the unpredictability, the multivariate nature and the ' messiness' of human organizations in cultural contexts.
    Ex: The results has been an ever greater obfuscation of what constitutes the profession of librarianship.
    Ex: His experience and expertise has guided IFLA members smoothly across what could easily have been turbulent waters = Sus conocimientos y experiencia en la formulación de los Estatutos ha guiado a los miembros de la IFLA sin problemas a través de lo que podrían haber sido fácilmente aguas turbulentas.
    Ex: We talk heatedly about books that lie beyond our present concerns because these allow us to speculate and often present us with puzzles we want to explore.
    Ex: The past is often shrouded in a miasma of uncertain memories confounded by missing or incomplete records.
    Ex: His work is such a snarl of so many different things that it is as endlessly demanding as it is rewarding.
    Ex: However, taxi is a more advisable option considering the never-ending Bangkok traffic snarl-up, especially during the rush hour.
    Ex: He believes that most political brouhahas are cooked up to divert the public's attention from the real terrorism.
    Ex: The combination of perplexity over what is the right mix and apparent inability to represent information activity dynamically is very strong.
    * aclarar una confusión = unravel + snarl.
    * aumentar la confusión = add to + the confusion.
    * causar confusión = wreak + confusion, cause + confusion.
    * confusión económica = economic turmoil.
    * confusión histórica = historical confusion.
    * de un modo que causa confusión = confusingly.
    * estado de confusión = state of confusion.
    * llevar a confusión = lead to + confusion.
    * que induce a confusión = confounding.

    * * *
    1 (perplejidad) confusion
    para mayor confusión se llaman igual to add to the confusion o to confuse things even more o to make things even more confusing, they have the same name
    2 (desorden, caos) confusion
    3 (turbación) embarrassment
    su inesperada declaración de amor la llenó de confusión his unexpected declaration of love filled her with embarrassment o confusion o threw her into confusion
    tanta amabilidad me produjo una gran confusión I was embarrassed o overwhelmed by so much kindness
    4 (equivocación) confusion
    lamentamos la confusión que hubo con la factura we regret the confusion over the invoice
    sus comentarios se prestan a confusión his comments are open to misinterpretation
    para que no haya más confusiones to avoid any further confusion o any more mix-ups
    * * *

     

    confusión sustantivo femenino



    confusión sustantivo femenino
    1 (desorden) confusion
    2 (error) mistake
    ' confusión' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    aturdimiento
    - barullo
    - belén
    - desbarajuste
    - desconcierto
    - desorientación
    - embrollo
    - folclore
    - follón
    - obnubilar
    - ofuscación
    - para
    - prestarse
    - torre
    - turbación
    - aquél
    - armar
    - bochinche
    - convulsionar
    - desorden
    - ése
    - éste
    - grado
    - jaleo
    - lío
    - mareo
    - medio
    - sólo
    - turbar
    English:
    brainstorm
    - confusion
    - disarray
    - foul up
    - haziness
    - mess
    - misunderstanding
    - mix-up
    - quagmire
    - rush
    - scramble
    - shambles
    - start
    - turmoil
    - welter
    - add
    - disorder
    - havoc
    - mix
    - straighten
    * * *
    1. [desorden, lío] confusion;
    la confusión aumentó con la llegada del cantante the singer's arrival added to the confusion;
    los ladrones actuaron aprovechando la confusión the thieves took advantage of the confusion;
    hubo una gran confusión there was great confusion;
    existe cierta confusión acerca de lo que realmente quiso decir there is some confusion as to what he really meant
    2. [desconcierto]
    la noticia me llenó de confusión I was disconcerted by the news
    3. [error] mix-up;
    ha habido una confusión there has been a bit of a mix-up;
    esa frase puede llevar a confusión that phrase could lead to confusion o be misinterpreted
    * * *
    f confusion
    * * *
    confusión nf, pl - siones : confusion
    * * *
    1. (falta de claridad) confusion
    2. (equivocación) mistake

    Spanish-English dictionary > confusión

  • 8 grupo

    m.
    1 group (conjunto).
    en grupo in a group
    grupo ecologista environmental group
    grupo de estudio study group
    grupo de presión (politics) pressure group, lobby
    grupo de riesgo group at risk
    grupo de rock rock group
    2 group of people, bevy, circle, group.
    * * *
    1 group
    2 TÉCNICA unit, set
    \
    en grupo together, en masse
    grupo electrógeno power plant
    grupo sanguíneo blood group
    * * *
    noun m.
    2) band
    •
    * * *
    SM
    1) [gen] group; (=equipo) team; [de árboles] cluster, clump

    grupo de contacto — (Pol) contact group

    grupo de estafas — (Policía) fraud squad

    grupo de estupefacientes — (Policía) drug squad

    grupo de homicidios — (Policía) murder squad

    grupo de investigación — research team, team of researchers

    grupo de presión — pressure group, special interest group (EEUU)

    2) (Elec, Téc) unit, plant; (=montaje) assembly

    grupo electrógeno, grupo generador — generating set, power plant

    3) Cono Sur (=trampa) trick, con *
    * * *
    a) (de personas, empresas, países) group; ( de árboles) clump

    en grupo — <salir/trabajar> in a group/in groups

    b) (Mús) tb

    grupo musical — group, band

    * * *
    = aggregate, bank, batch [batches, -pl.], body, class, cluster, clutch, congeries, grouping, pack, cohort, camp, set, group, gang, bunch, corps, band, class group, combine, constituent group, collective, ensemble, bevy, line-up, cluster, segment, pod, order, mob.
    Ex. The result of this is to provide a distinct class number for an aggregate of subjects which are adjacent in the UDC schedule order.
    Ex. A recitation of the best thought out principles for a cataloging code is easily drowned out by the clatter of a bank of direct access devices vainly searching for misplaced records.
    Ex. A KWIC index is based upon the 'keywords' in the titles of the batch of documents to be indexed.
    Ex. The main body of criticism centred upon the treatment of nonbook materials.
    Ex. The following highlights are what this first class of Fellows recall of their time overseas.
    Ex. The local system is designed to be flexible enough to meet the needs of a single library or those of a library cluster.
    Ex. This approach does tend to lead to small clutches of periodicals on a given subject.
    Ex. To be sure, it still has its congeries of mills and factories, its grimy huddle of frame dwellings and congested tenements, its stark, jagged skyline, but its old face is gradually changing.
    Ex. This scheme aims for a more helpful order than the major schemes, by following the groupings of subjects as they are taught in schools.
    Ex. The notched cards, representing relevant documents, will drop off the needle and fall from the bulk of the pack.
    Ex. This article examines the views of librarians held by a number of faculty cohorts.
    Ex. This is a situation much debated between the two camps of those who would give everyone what he wants and those who would give each reader only the things of some constructive value.
    Ex. SELECT retrieves records containing the search term or terms you specify and stores them in sets.
    Ex. The groups continue, however, to keep alive their heritages through festivals and cultural activities.
    Ex. In the 1920s and 1930s more than 1 million books were being loaned each year to members as far afield as the most isolated settlers' gangs working on distant branch lines.
    Ex. They are a very impatient bunch, however: knowing themselves what the technology can do, they can get a little short with obstructionists who raise non-technical objections.
    Ex. Quality abstracting services take pride in their corps of abstractors.
    Ex. In recent years a band of disciples has grown up in India, and has contributed to the revision and expansion of the schedules.
    Ex. If the panel members represent class groups, they must canvass for suggestions.
    Ex. 158 public organisations with very diverse computer machinery formed a combine to develop an application which would make the database available on the organisations' different computer systems. = 158 instituciones públicas con equipos informáticos muy diversos crearon un grupo para desarrollar una aplicación que hiciera que la base de datos estuviese disponible en sus diferentes sistemas informáticos.
    Ex. Different constituent groups tend to rate aspects of the library quite differently.
    Ex. These collectives are at present seeking compensation for copies made of copyrighted material based on the nature, volume and use of copies made.
    Ex. DIANE is the name that has been given to the ensemble of available information services.
    Ex. It contains a bevy of fearsomely feisty female archetypes removed from domestic obligations and toughened in the brutal setting of prison life.
    Ex. The title of the article is 'The information market: a line-up of competitors'.
    Ex. Various other methods of obtaining clusters have been described, including the use of fuzzy sets, but these are beyond the scope of this book.
    Ex. No such constraints exist where online display is anticipated, since only one segment at a time is displayed.
    Ex. The large pod of about 75 narwhals milled around the bay in the summer feeding grounds.
    Ex. The taxonomic subclass of acari (mites and ticks) comprises tens of thousands of species, grouped in many families and several orders.
    Ex. In the afternoon quite a few of our mob decided that they would prefer to spend a bit of time lazing about in the water and soaking up a few rays.
    ----
    * admitir a Alguien en un grupo = adopt + Nombre + into the fold.
    * análisis de grupo = cohort analysis.
    * atacar en grupo = swarm.
    * camaradería de grupo = group ride.
    * cena de grupo = dinner party.
    * cena en grupo = group dinner, dinner party.
    * como grupo = collectively.
    * crear un grupo = set up + group.
    * debate de grupo = group discussion.
    * debate en grupo = group discussion.
    * división del mercado por grupos de consumidores = market segmentation.
    * empresa de nuestro grupo = sister company, sister organisation.
    * empresa de un grupo = operating company.
    * en algunos grupos = in some quarters.
    * en algunos grupos de la población = in some quarters.
    * enano del grupo, el = runt of the litter, the.
    * en muchos grupos = in many quarters.
    * en muchos grupos de la población = in many quarters.
    * entre grupos sociales = intergroup.
    * entrevista en grupo = group interview.
    * formación de grupos de presión = lobbying representation.
    * formar un grupo = set up + group.
    * formar un grupo de presión = form + lobby.
    * G7 (Grupo de los Siete), el = G7 (Group of Seven), the.
    * gran grupo = constellation.
    * grupo activista = faction group.
    * grupo al Algo que va dirigido = target group.
    * grupo alimenticio = food group.
    * grupo asesor = advisory group.
    * Grupo Asesor sobre Redes (NAG) = Network Advisory Group (NAG).
    * grupo chantajista = extortion racket.
    * grupo cívico = civic group.
    * grupo consultivo = advisory group.
    * grupo coordinador = steering group.
    * grupo cultural = cultural group.
    * grupo de acción ciudadana = citizen action group, community action group.
    * grupo de amigos = clan of friends.
    * grupo de amigos y conocidos = social network.
    * grupo de apoyo = interest group, support group.
    * grupo de autoayuda = self-help group, self-help group, self-help group.
    * grupo de cantantes femenino = girl band.
    * grupo de cantantes masculino = boy band.
    * grupo de ciudadanos desatentido = unserved, the.
    * grupo de consumidores = consumer group.
    * grupo de control = control group.
    * grupo de datos = data set [dataset].
    * grupo de debate = discussion group, focus group, discussion list, electronic forum, panel discussion, panel debate.
    * grupo de dirección = management.
    * grupo de discusión = discussion group.
    * grupo de edad = age bracket, age group [age-group].
    * grupo de empresas = business group.
    * grupo de estanterías = stack, stack range.
    * grupo de estudio = study circle.
    * grupo de expertos = cadre, brains trust, group of experts, network, think tank.
    * grupo defensor = interest group.
    * grupo de gestión = management team.
    * grupo de incondicionales, el = hard core, the.
    * grupo de intelectuales = intelligentsia.
    * grupo de interés = focus group, interest group.
    * grupo de investigación = research group.
    * Grupo de Investigación sobre la Clasificación (CRG) = Classification Research Group (CRG).
    * grupo de la oposición = opposition group.
    * grupo de los 20 = G-20.
    * grupo de los ocho, el = G8, the.
    * grupo del proyecto = project team.
    * grupo de negociación = bargaining unit.
    * grupo de normalización = standards group.
    * grupo de opinión = focus group.
    * grupo de personas o cosas de la misma edad o categoría = peer group.
    * grupo de poder = power group.
    * grupo de presión = lobby group, pressure group, lobbyist.
    * grupo de protección a menores = Shelter group.
    * grupo de protección ciudadana = civic trust group.
    * grupo de recursos = clump.
    * grupo de referencia = reference group.
    * grupo de representantes = focus group.
    * grupo de rock = rock group.
    * grupo de seguidores = fandom.
    * grupo de términos de búsqueda relacionados = search hedge, subject hedge.
    * grupo de trabajo = study group, study team, task force, working party, task group, research group, working group, project team.
    * Grupo de Trabajo de Ingeniería de Internet (IETF) = Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF).
    * grupo de trabajo por tema de interés = breakout group.
    * Grupo de Trabajo sobre los Sistemas Nacionales de Información de la Asociaci = NISTF (Society of American Archivists National Information Systems Task Force).
    * grupo de tres = threesome.
    * grupo de usuarios = user group, users' group, population served.
    * grupo de usuarios al que va dirigido = target user group.
    * grupo disidente = splinter group, splinter party.
    * grupo dominante = dominant group.
    * grupo eléctrico = power unit, electrical generator, power generator.
    * grupo electrógeno = electrical generator, power unit, power generator.
    * grupo especial = special interest group.
    * grupo específico = niche.
    * grupo etario = age bracket.
    * grupo étnico = ethnic group, racial group, cultural group.
    * grupo experimental = experimental group.
    * grupo extremista = extremist group.
    * grupo incondicional, el = hard core, the.
    * grupo influyente = force.
    * grupo instrumental = ensemble.
    * grupo integrante = constituent group.
    * grupo interdisciplinar = cross-functional team.
    * grupo intérprete = executant body.
    * grupo marginado = deprived group, marginalised group.
    * grupo marginal = disadvantaged community, marginalised group.
    * grupo mayoritario = majority group.
    * grupo mínimo relacionado = minimum zone cohort.
    * grupo minoritario = minority group.
    * grupo mixto = cross-functional team.
    * grupo musical en directo = live band.
    * grupo político = political group.
    * grupo principal de usuarios = primary user group.
    * grupo profesional = occupational group.
    * grupo racial = racial group.
    * grupo racista = hate group.
    * grupo referente = reference group.
    * grupo religioso = denominational body, religious group.
    * grupos = quarters.
    * grupo sanguíneo = blood group, blood type.
    * grupos de diez = tens of.
    * grupo según edad = age group [age-group].
    * grupo social = community group, social group.
    * grupo supervisor = steering group.
    * grupo temáticamente afín = subject-related group.
    * grupo terrorista = terrorist group.
    * más débil del grupo, el = runt of the litter, the.
    * obra para grupo instrumental = ensemble work.
    * pensamiento de grupo = groupthink.
    * perfil de grupo = group profile.
    * por grupos = in batches.
    * presión del grupo = peer pressure.
    * relativo a un grupo = group-related.
    * reunión de grupo = group meeting.
    * RLG (Grupo de Bibliotecas de Investigación) = RLG (Research Libraries Group).
    * rodear en grupo = swarm.
    * SDI por grupos = group SDI.
    * sentimiento de grupo = togetherness.
    * sesión de grupo = group session.
    * tarifa de grupo = group rate.
    * técnica de grupo nominal = nominal group technique.
    * terapia de grupo = group therapy.
    * trabajar en grupo = team.
    * trabajar en grupo (con) = team up (with).
    * una grupo impreciso de = a cloud of.
    * un grupo aferrado de = a hard core of.
    * un grupo cada vez mayor de = a growing body of.
    * un grupo de = a set of, a bunch of, a crop of, a pool of, a cadre of, a cluster of, a galaxy of, a clutch of, a company of.
    * un grupo de gente variada = a cast of people.
    * un grupo incondicional de = a hard core of.
    * un grupo variado de = a collection of.
    * violación en grupo = gang rape.
    * * *
    a) (de personas, empresas, países) group; ( de árboles) clump

    en grupo — <salir/trabajar> in a group/in groups

    b) (Mús) tb

    grupo musical — group, band

    * * *
    = aggregate, bank, batch [batches, -pl.], body, class, cluster, clutch, congeries, grouping, pack, cohort, camp, set, group, gang, bunch, corps, band, class group, combine, constituent group, collective, ensemble, bevy, line-up, cluster, segment, pod, order, mob.

    Ex: The result of this is to provide a distinct class number for an aggregate of subjects which are adjacent in the UDC schedule order.

    Ex: A recitation of the best thought out principles for a cataloging code is easily drowned out by the clatter of a bank of direct access devices vainly searching for misplaced records.
    Ex: A KWIC index is based upon the 'keywords' in the titles of the batch of documents to be indexed.
    Ex: The main body of criticism centred upon the treatment of nonbook materials.
    Ex: The following highlights are what this first class of Fellows recall of their time overseas.
    Ex: The local system is designed to be flexible enough to meet the needs of a single library or those of a library cluster.
    Ex: This approach does tend to lead to small clutches of periodicals on a given subject.
    Ex: To be sure, it still has its congeries of mills and factories, its grimy huddle of frame dwellings and congested tenements, its stark, jagged skyline, but its old face is gradually changing.
    Ex: This scheme aims for a more helpful order than the major schemes, by following the groupings of subjects as they are taught in schools.
    Ex: The notched cards, representing relevant documents, will drop off the needle and fall from the bulk of the pack.
    Ex: This article examines the views of librarians held by a number of faculty cohorts.
    Ex: This is a situation much debated between the two camps of those who would give everyone what he wants and those who would give each reader only the things of some constructive value.
    Ex: SELECT retrieves records containing the search term or terms you specify and stores them in sets.
    Ex: The groups continue, however, to keep alive their heritages through festivals and cultural activities.
    Ex: In the 1920s and 1930s more than 1 million books were being loaned each year to members as far afield as the most isolated settlers' gangs working on distant branch lines.
    Ex: They are a very impatient bunch, however: knowing themselves what the technology can do, they can get a little short with obstructionists who raise non-technical objections.
    Ex: Quality abstracting services take pride in their corps of abstractors.
    Ex: In recent years a band of disciples has grown up in India, and has contributed to the revision and expansion of the schedules.
    Ex: If the panel members represent class groups, they must canvass for suggestions.
    Ex: 158 public organisations with very diverse computer machinery formed a combine to develop an application which would make the database available on the organisations' different computer systems. = 158 instituciones públicas con equipos informáticos muy diversos crearon un grupo para desarrollar una aplicación que hiciera que la base de datos estuviese disponible en sus diferentes sistemas informáticos.
    Ex: Different constituent groups tend to rate aspects of the library quite differently.
    Ex: These collectives are at present seeking compensation for copies made of copyrighted material based on the nature, volume and use of copies made.
    Ex: DIANE is the name that has been given to the ensemble of available information services.
    Ex: It contains a bevy of fearsomely feisty female archetypes removed from domestic obligations and toughened in the brutal setting of prison life.
    Ex: The title of the article is 'The information market: a line-up of competitors'.
    Ex: Various other methods of obtaining clusters have been described, including the use of fuzzy sets, but these are beyond the scope of this book.
    Ex: No such constraints exist where online display is anticipated, since only one segment at a time is displayed.
    Ex: The large pod of about 75 narwhals milled around the bay in the summer feeding grounds.
    Ex: The taxonomic subclass of acari (mites and ticks) comprises tens of thousands of species, grouped in many families and several orders.
    Ex: In the afternoon quite a few of our mob decided that they would prefer to spend a bit of time lazing about in the water and soaking up a few rays.
    * admitir a Alguien en un grupo = adopt + Nombre + into the fold.
    * análisis de grupo = cohort analysis.
    * atacar en grupo = swarm.
    * camaradería de grupo = group ride.
    * cena de grupo = dinner party.
    * cena en grupo = group dinner, dinner party.
    * como grupo = collectively.
    * crear un grupo = set up + group.
    * debate de grupo = group discussion.
    * debate en grupo = group discussion.
    * división del mercado por grupos de consumidores = market segmentation.
    * empresa de nuestro grupo = sister company, sister organisation.
    * empresa de un grupo = operating company.
    * en algunos grupos = in some quarters.
    * en algunos grupos de la población = in some quarters.
    * enano del grupo, el = runt of the litter, the.
    * en muchos grupos = in many quarters.
    * en muchos grupos de la población = in many quarters.
    * entre grupos sociales = intergroup.
    * entrevista en grupo = group interview.
    * formación de grupos de presión = lobbying representation.
    * formar un grupo = set up + group.
    * formar un grupo de presión = form + lobby.
    * G7 (Grupo de los Siete), el = G7 (Group of Seven), the.
    * gran grupo = constellation.
    * grupo activista = faction group.
    * grupo al Algo que va dirigido = target group.
    * grupo alimenticio = food group.
    * grupo asesor = advisory group.
    * Grupo Asesor sobre Redes (NAG) = Network Advisory Group (NAG).
    * grupo chantajista = extortion racket.
    * grupo cívico = civic group.
    * grupo consultivo = advisory group.
    * grupo coordinador = steering group.
    * grupo cultural = cultural group.
    * grupo de acción ciudadana = citizen action group, community action group.
    * grupo de amigos = clan of friends.
    * grupo de amigos y conocidos = social network.
    * grupo de apoyo = interest group, support group.
    * grupo de autoayuda = self-help group, self-help group, self-help group.
    * grupo de cantantes femenino = girl band.
    * grupo de cantantes masculino = boy band.
    * grupo de ciudadanos desatentido = unserved, the.
    * grupo de consumidores = consumer group.
    * grupo de control = control group.
    * grupo de datos = data set [dataset].
    * grupo de debate = discussion group, focus group, discussion list, electronic forum, panel discussion, panel debate.
    * grupo de dirección = management.
    * grupo de discusión = discussion group.
    * grupo de edad = age bracket, age group [age-group].
    * grupo de empresas = business group.
    * grupo de estanterías = stack, stack range.
    * grupo de estudio = study circle.
    * grupo de expertos = cadre, brains trust, group of experts, network, think tank.
    * grupo defensor = interest group.
    * grupo de gestión = management team.
    * grupo de incondicionales, el = hard core, the.
    * grupo de intelectuales = intelligentsia.
    * grupo de interés = focus group, interest group.
    * grupo de investigación = research group.
    * Grupo de Investigación sobre la Clasificación (CRG) = Classification Research Group (CRG).
    * grupo de la oposición = opposition group.
    * grupo de los 20 = G-20.
    * grupo de los ocho, el = G8, the.
    * grupo del proyecto = project team.
    * grupo de negociación = bargaining unit.
    * grupo de normalización = standards group.
    * grupo de opinión = focus group.
    * grupo de personas o cosas de la misma edad o categoría = peer group.
    * grupo de poder = power group.
    * grupo de presión = lobby group, pressure group, lobbyist.
    * grupo de protección a menores = Shelter group.
    * grupo de protección ciudadana = civic trust group.
    * grupo de recursos = clump.
    * grupo de referencia = reference group.
    * grupo de representantes = focus group.
    * grupo de rock = rock group.
    * grupo de seguidores = fandom.
    * grupo de términos de búsqueda relacionados = search hedge, subject hedge.
    * grupo de trabajo = study group, study team, task force, working party, task group, research group, working group, project team.
    * Grupo de Trabajo de Ingeniería de Internet (IETF) = Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF).
    * grupo de trabajo por tema de interés = breakout group.
    * Grupo de Trabajo sobre los Sistemas Nacionales de Información de la Asociaci = NISTF (Society of American Archivists National Information Systems Task Force).
    * grupo de tres = threesome.
    * grupo de usuarios = user group, users' group, population served.
    * grupo de usuarios al que va dirigido = target user group.
    * grupo disidente = splinter group, splinter party.
    * grupo dominante = dominant group.
    * grupo eléctrico = power unit, electrical generator, power generator.
    * grupo electrógeno = electrical generator, power unit, power generator.
    * grupo especial = special interest group.
    * grupo específico = niche.
    * grupo etario = age bracket.
    * grupo étnico = ethnic group, racial group, cultural group.
    * grupo experimental = experimental group.
    * grupo extremista = extremist group.
    * grupo incondicional, el = hard core, the.
    * grupo influyente = force.
    * grupo instrumental = ensemble.
    * grupo integrante = constituent group.
    * grupo interdisciplinar = cross-functional team.
    * grupo intérprete = executant body.
    * grupo marginado = deprived group, marginalised group.
    * grupo marginal = disadvantaged community, marginalised group.
    * grupo mayoritario = majority group.
    * grupo mínimo relacionado = minimum zone cohort.
    * grupo minoritario = minority group.
    * grupo mixto = cross-functional team.
    * grupo musical en directo = live band.
    * grupo político = political group.
    * grupo principal de usuarios = primary user group.
    * grupo profesional = occupational group.
    * grupo racial = racial group.
    * grupo racista = hate group.
    * grupo referente = reference group.
    * grupo religioso = denominational body, religious group.
    * grupos = quarters.
    * grupo sanguíneo = blood group, blood type.
    * grupos de diez = tens of.
    * grupo según edad = age group [age-group].
    * grupo social = community group, social group.
    * grupo supervisor = steering group.
    * grupo temáticamente afín = subject-related group.
    * grupo terrorista = terrorist group.
    * más débil del grupo, el = runt of the litter, the.
    * obra para grupo instrumental = ensemble work.
    * pensamiento de grupo = groupthink.
    * perfil de grupo = group profile.
    * por grupos = in batches.
    * presión del grupo = peer pressure.
    * relativo a un grupo = group-related.
    * reunión de grupo = group meeting.
    * RLG (Grupo de Bibliotecas de Investigación) = RLG (Research Libraries Group).
    * rodear en grupo = swarm.
    * SDI por grupos = group SDI.
    * sentimiento de grupo = togetherness.
    * sesión de grupo = group session.
    * tarifa de grupo = group rate.
    * técnica de grupo nominal = nominal group technique.
    * terapia de grupo = group therapy.
    * trabajar en grupo = team.
    * trabajar en grupo (con) = team up (with).
    * una grupo impreciso de = a cloud of.
    * un grupo aferrado de = a hard core of.
    * un grupo cada vez mayor de = a growing body of.
    * un grupo de = a set of, a bunch of, a crop of, a pool of, a cadre of, a cluster of, a galaxy of, a clutch of, a company of.
    * un grupo de gente variada = a cast of people.
    * un grupo incondicional de = a hard core of.
    * un grupo variado de = a collection of.
    * violación en grupo = gang rape.

    * * *
    A
    1 (de personas) group; (de empresas, países) group; (de árboles) clump
    los grupos sociales marginados marginalized social groups
    un grupo de casas a group o cluster of houses
    se dividieron en grupos de (a) cuatro they split into groups of four
    en grupo ‹salir/trabajar› in a group/in groups
    2 ( Mús) tb
    grupo musical group, band
    3 ( Quím) group
    Compuestos:
    support group
    advisory group, think tank
    construction consortium
    control group
    consortium
    hotel chain
    ● grupo de interés or presión
    pressure group
    jazz group o band
    internet forum
    press consortium
    ( Pol) Group of Eight
    newsgroup
    working party
    user group
    generator
    ● grupo fónico/tónico
    phonic/tonic group
    target group
    ( frml); peer group
    parliamentary group
    blood group
    tener el grupo sanguíneo Rh or Rhesus positivo/negativo to be Rhesus positive/negative
    ¿qué grupo sanguíneo tiene? what blood group are you?
    tengo el grupo sanguíneo A/AB/B positivo/negativo I'm blood group A/AB/B positive/negative
    control group
    B ( Chi arg) (mentira) lie; (engaño) trick
    * * *

     

    grupo sustantivo masculino
    a) (de personas, empresas, países) group;

    ( de árboles) clump;

    grupos sociales social groups;
    de grupo ‹terapia/trabajo› group ( before n);
    en grupo ‹salir/trabajar› in a group/in groups
    b) (Mús) tb


    grupo sustantivo masculino
    1 g roup: no queda sangre del groupo B+, there is no B+ blood left
    tiene mi grupo sanguíneo, he has the same blood group as I do
    grupo de trabajo, working party
    terapia de grupo, group therapy
    2 Mús group, band
    3 Elec grupo electrógeno, power generator o electric generating set
    ' grupo' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    aparato
    - argot
    - beatería
    - cada
    - clase
    - comando
    - componente
    - conjunta
    - conjunto
    - contra
    - cuerpo
    - delirio
    - descolgarse
    - desfilar
    - dirigirse
    - disolver
    - disolverse
    - dispersar
    - dispersarse
    - ecologista
    - entrada
    - equipo
    - escolta
    - estamento
    - exclusión
    - figurar
    - fuerza
    - GEO
    - guerrilla
    - incorporarse
    - iniciar
    - jerga
    - junta
    - manifestarse
    - maquinaria
    - mayoría
    - minoritaria
    - minoritario
    - ninguna
    - ninguno
    - núcleo
    - nutrido-a
    - panel
    - paquete
    - patrulla
    - pertenencia
    - pesar
    - piña
    - readmitir
    - relevo
    English:
    address
    - army
    - back
    - band
    - bear down on
    - blood group
    - body
    - bracket
    - breakaway
    - bunch
    - camp
    - chain gang
    - class
    - cliquey
    - clump
    - cluster
    - collection
    - collective
    - combine
    - come under
    - commission
    - contra
    - crowd
    - demo
    - dense
    - drummer
    - dynamics
    - fervent
    - flagship
    - flock
    - foursome
    - fraternity
    - frenzied
    - gather
    - group
    - guard
    - heterogeneous
    - homogeneous
    - huddle
    - inbred
    - Ivy League
    - join
    - knot
    - lead
    - leadership
    - lobby
    - make up
    - manager
    - manageress
    - motley
    * * *
    grupo nm
    1. [conjunto] group;
    [de árboles] cluster;
    grupo (de empresas) (corporate) group;
    en grupo in a group;
    el grupo de cabeza [en carrera] the leading group
    Pol grupo de contacto contact group; Econ grupo de control control group; Informát grupo de discusión discussion group;
    grupo ecologista environmental group;
    grupo de edad age group;
    grupo empresarial (business) group o combine;
    grupo de estudio study group;
    Pol grupo mixto = independent MPs and MPs from minor parties in Spanish parliament; Informát grupo de noticias newsgroup;
    grupo parlamentario parliamentary group;
    Pol grupo de presión pressure group, lobby;
    grupo de riesgo group at risk;
    UE Grupo de Sabios Committee of Wise Men;
    grupo sanguíneo blood group;
    Informát grupo de usuarios user group
    2. [de músicos] group, band
    3. Tec unit, set
    Elec grupo electrógeno generator
    4. Quím group
    5. Ling grupo consonántico consonant cluster;
    grupo fónico phonic group;
    grupo nominal noun phrase;
    grupo de palabras word group;
    grupo vocálico vowel cluster
    * * *
    m group;
    en grupos in groups
    * * *
    grupo nm
    : group
    * * *
    grupo n group

    Spanish-English dictionary > grupo

  • 9 Computers

       The brain has been compared to a digital computer because the neuron, like a switch or valve, either does or does not complete a circuit. But at that point the similarity ends. The switch in the digital computer is constant in its effect, and its effect is large in proportion to the total output of the machine. The effect produced by the neuron varies with its recovery from [the] refractory phase and with its metabolic state. The number of neurons involved in any action runs into millions so that the influence of any one is negligible.... Any cell in the system can be dispensed with.... The brain is an analogical machine, not digital. Analysis of the integrative activities will probably have to be in statistical terms. (Lashley, quoted in Beach, Hebb, Morgan & Nissen, 1960, p. 539)
       It is essential to realize that a computer is not a mere "number cruncher," or supercalculating arithmetic machine, although this is how computers are commonly regarded by people having no familiarity with artificial intelligence. Computers do not crunch numbers; they manipulate symbols.... Digital computers originally developed with mathematical problems in mind, are in fact general purpose symbol manipulating machines....
       The terms "computer" and "computation" are themselves unfortunate, in view of their misleading arithmetical connotations. The definition of artificial intelligence previously cited-"the study of intelligence as computation"-does not imply that intelligence is really counting. Intelligence may be defined as the ability creatively to manipulate symbols, or process information, given the requirements of the task in hand. (Boden, 1981, pp. 15, 16-17)
       The task is to get computers to explain things to themselves, to ask questions about their experiences so as to cause those explanations to be forthcoming, and to be creative in coming up with explanations that have not been previously available. (Schank, 1986, p. 19)
       In What Computers Can't Do, written in 1969 (2nd edition, 1972), the main objection to AI was the impossibility of using rules to select only those facts about the real world that were relevant in a given situation. The "Introduction" to the paperback edition of the book, published by Harper & Row in 1979, pointed out further that no one had the slightest idea how to represent the common sense understanding possessed even by a four-year-old. (Dreyfus & Dreyfus, 1986, p. 102)
       A popular myth says that the invention of the computer diminishes our sense of ourselves, because it shows that rational thought is not special to human beings, but can be carried on by a mere machine. It is a short stop from there to the conclusion that intelligence is mechanical, which many people find to be an affront to all that is most precious and singular about their humanness.
       In fact, the computer, early in its career, was not an instrument of the philistines, but a humanizing influence. It helped to revive an idea that had fallen into disrepute: the idea that the mind is real, that it has an inner structure and a complex organization, and can be understood in scientific terms. For some three decades, until the 1940s, American psychology had lain in the grip of the ice age of behaviorism, which was antimental through and through. During these years, extreme behaviorists banished the study of thought from their agenda. Mind and consciousness, thinking, imagining, planning, solving problems, were dismissed as worthless for anything except speculation. Only the external aspects of behavior, the surface manifestations, were grist for the scientist's mill, because only they could be observed and measured....
       It is one of the surprising gifts of the computer in the history of ideas that it played a part in giving back to psychology what it had lost, which was nothing less than the mind itself. In particular, there was a revival of interest in how the mind represents the world internally to itself, by means of knowledge structures such as ideas, symbols, images, and inner narratives, all of which had been consigned to the realm of mysticism. (Campbell, 1989, p. 10)
       [Our artifacts] only have meaning because we give it to them; their intentionality, like that of smoke signals and writing, is essentially borrowed, hence derivative. To put it bluntly: computers themselves don't mean anything by their tokens (any more than books do)-they only mean what we say they do. Genuine understanding, on the other hand, is intentional "in its own right" and not derivatively from something else. (Haugeland, 1981a, pp. 32-33)
       he debate over the possibility of computer thought will never be won or lost; it will simply cease to be of interest, like the previous debate over man as a clockwork mechanism. (Bolter, 1984, p. 190)
       t takes us a long time to emotionally digest a new idea. The computer is too big a step, and too recently made, for us to quickly recover our balance and gauge its potential. It's an enormous accelerator, perhaps the greatest one since the plow, twelve thousand years ago. As an intelligence amplifier, it speeds up everything-including itself-and it continually improves because its heart is information or, more plainly, ideas. We can no more calculate its consequences than Babbage could have foreseen antibiotics, the Pill, or space stations.
       Further, the effects of those ideas are rapidly compounding, because a computer design is itself just a set of ideas. As we get better at manipulating ideas by building ever better computers, we get better at building even better computers-it's an ever-escalating upward spiral. The early nineteenth century, when the computer's story began, is already so far back that it may as well be the Stone Age. (Rawlins, 1997, p. 19)
       According to weak AI, the principle value of the computer in the study of the mind is that it gives us a very powerful tool. For example, it enables us to formulate and test hypotheses in a more rigorous and precise fashion than before. But according to strong AI the computer is not merely a tool in the study of the mind; rather the appropriately programmed computer really is a mind in the sense that computers given the right programs can be literally said to understand and have other cognitive states. And according to strong AI, because the programmed computer has cognitive states, the programs are not mere tools that enable us to test psychological explanations; rather, the programs are themselves the explanations. (Searle, 1981b, p. 353)
       What makes people smarter than machines? They certainly are not quicker or more precise. Yet people are far better at perceiving objects in natural scenes and noting their relations, at understanding language and retrieving contextually appropriate information from memory, at making plans and carrying out contextually appropriate actions, and at a wide range of other natural cognitive tasks. People are also far better at learning to do these things more accurately and fluently through processing experience.
       What is the basis for these differences? One answer, perhaps the classic one we might expect from artificial intelligence, is "software." If we only had the right computer program, the argument goes, we might be able to capture the fluidity and adaptability of human information processing. Certainly this answer is partially correct. There have been great breakthroughs in our understanding of cognition as a result of the development of expressive high-level computer languages and powerful algorithms. However, we do not think that software is the whole story.
       In our view, people are smarter than today's computers because the brain employs a basic computational architecture that is more suited to deal with a central aspect of the natural information processing tasks that people are so good at.... hese tasks generally require the simultaneous consideration of many pieces of information or constraints. Each constraint may be imperfectly specified and ambiguous, yet each can play a potentially decisive role in determining the outcome of processing. (McClelland, Rumelhart & Hinton, 1986, pp. 3-4)

    Historical dictionary of quotations in cognitive science > Computers

  • 10 express

    1. transitive verb
    1) (indicate) ausdrücken
    2) (put into words) äußern [Meinung, Wunsch]; zum Ausdruck bringen [Dank, Bedauern, Liebe]

    express something in another language — etwas in einer anderen Sprache ausdrücken

    3) (represent by symbols) ausdrücken [Zahl, Wert]
    2. attributive adjective
    1) Eil[brief, -bote usw.]; Schnell[paket, -sendung]; see also academic.ru/25866/express_train">express train
    2) (particular) besonder...; bestimmt; ausdrücklich [Absicht]
    3) (stated) ausdrücklich [Wunsch, Befehl usw.]
    3. adverb
    als Eilsache [senden]
    4. noun
    (train) Schnellzug, der; D-Zug, der
    * * *
    [ik'spres] 1. verb
    1) (to put into words: He expressed his ideas very clearly.) ausdrücken
    2) ((with oneself etc) to put one's own thoughts into words: You haven't expressed yourself clearly.) ausdrücken
    3) (to show (thoughts, feelings etc) by looks, actions etc: She nodded to express her agreement.) ausdrücken
    4) (to send by fast (postal) delivery: Will you express this letter, please?) mit Expreß schicken
    2. adjective
    1) (travelling, carrying goods etc, especially fast: an express train; express delivery.) Expreß-...
    2) (clearly stated: You have disobeyed my express wishes.) ausdrücklich
    3. adverb
    (by express train or fast delivery service: Send your letter express.) mit Expreß
    4. noun
    1) (an express train: the London to Cardiff express.) der D-Zug
    2) (the service provided eg by the post office for carrying goods etc quickly: The parcel was sent by express.) der Eilbote
    •
    - expressly
    - expression
    - expressionless
    - expressive
    - expressiveness
    - expressively
    - expressway
    * * *
    ex·press
    [ɪkˈspres, ekˈ-]
    I. vt
    ▪ to \express sth etw ausdrücken [o geh zum Ausdruck bringen]; (say) etw aussprechen
    there are no words to \express what that means to me was das für mich bedeutet, lässt sich nicht in Worte fassen
    he is not able to \express properly what he means er kann nie richtig sagen, was er meint
    to \express one's thanks seinen Dank zum Ausdruck bringen
    ▪ to \express oneself sich akk ausdrücken
    children often \express themselves in painting Kinder drücken ihre Gefühle oft in Bildern aus
    2. (reveal)
    ▪ to \express sth etw ausdrücken [o geh offenbaren]
    her eyes \expressed deep sadness aus ihren Augen sprach eine tiefe Traurigkeit
    to \express one's feelings seine Gefühle zeigen
    ▪ to \express sth as sth etw als etw akk darstellen
    ▪ to \express sth etw ausdrücken [o [aus]pressen
    5. (send quickly)
    ▪ to \express sth to sb [or sb sth] jdm etw per Express [o als Eilsendung] schicken
    II. adj attr
    1. inv (rapid) express, Eil-
    by \express delivery per Eilzustellung, als Eilsendung [o BRD, ÖSTERR Eilsache
    2. (precise) klar, bestimmt; (explicit) ausdrücklich
    \express command ausdrücklicher Befehl
    \express instructions klare Anweisungen
    \express intention [or purpose] bestimmte Absicht
    for the \express purpose eigens zu dem Zweck
    \express warranty COMM ausdrücklich erklärte Garantie
    III. adv
    to send sth \express etw per Express [o als Eilsache] schicken
    IV. n
    1. (train) Express[zug] m, Schnellzug m, D-Zug m BRD, ÖSTERR
    the Orient E\express der Orient-Express
    2. no pl (messenger) Eilbote, -botin m, f
    by \express per Eilboten BRD, ÖSTERR; (delivery) per Express
    3. AM (company) Spedition f, Transportunternehmen nt
    * * *
    [ɪk'spres]
    1. vt
    1) ausdrücken, zum Ausdruck bringen; (in words) wish, one's sympathy, appreciation also aussprechen (to sb jdm)

    this expresses exactly the meaning of the phrase —

    I haven't the words to express my thoughts — mir fehlen die Worte, um meine Gedanken auszudrücken

    the thought/feeling which is expressed here — der Gedanke, der/das Gefühl, das hier zum Ausdruck kommt

    it is hard to express how delighted I am/how much I hate him — es ist schwer, in Worte zu fassen, wie sehr ich mich freue/wie sehr ich ihn hasse

    2) (= be expressive of) ausdrücken

    a face which expresses candour/pride — ein Gesicht, das Aufrichtigkeit/Stolz ausdrückt

    3) juice, breast milk auspressen, ausdrücken
    4) letter etc per Express or als Eilsendung schicken
    2. adj
    1) (= explicit) order, instruction, direction, permission ausdrücklich; (= specific) purpose, intention bestimmt

    with the express intention of doing sth — mit der bestimmten Absicht, etw zu tun

    2)

    (= fast) express letter — Eilbrief m

    express service — Express- or Schnelldienst m

    3. adv

    to send a letter/package express — einen Brief/ein Paket als Eilsendung or per Express schicken

    4. n
    1) (= train) Schnellzug m
    2) (= bus, coach) Schnellbus m
    * * *
    express [ıkˈspres]
    A v/t
    1. Saft etc auspressen (from, out of aus)
    2. eine Ansicht etc ausdrücken, äußern, zum Ausdruck bringen:
    express the hope that … der Hoffnung Ausdruck geben, dass …;
    express o.s.
    a) sich äußern, sich erklären,
    b) sich ausdrücken;
    be expressed zum Ausdruck kommen;
    I can’t express how glad I am ich kann gar nicht sagen, wie froh ich bin
    3. bezeichnen, bedeuten, vor-, darstellen
    4. Gefühle etc zeigen, offenbaren, an den Tag legen, bekunden
    5. a) durch Eilboten oder als Eilgut schicken
    b) besonders US durch ein Schnelltransportunternehmen befördern lassen
    B adj (adv expressly)
    1. ausdrücklich, bestimmt, deutlich:
    without sb’s express permission ohne jemandes ausdrückliche Erlaubnis
    2. Express…, Schnell…, Eil…:
    express messenger (letter) Br Eilbote m (-brief m);
    a) Br Eilzustellung f,
    b) bes US Beförderung f durch ein Schnelltransportunternehmen
    3. besonder(er, e, es):
    for this express purpose eigens zu diesem Zweck
    C adv
    1. express
    2. eigens
    3. a) durch Eilboten, per Express, als Eilgut:
    b) besonders US durch ein Schnelltransportunternehmen
    D s
    1. Br Eilbote m, Eilbotin f
    2. a) Eilbeförderung f
    b) besonders US Beförderung f durch ein Schnelltransportunternehmen
    3. a) Eil-, Expressbrief m, -gut n
    b) → express goods 2
    4. BAHN D-Zug m, Schnellzug m, US auch Eilgüterzug m
    exp. abk
    1. expenses pl
    * * *
    1. transitive verb
    1) (indicate) ausdrücken
    2) (put into words) äußern [Meinung, Wunsch]; zum Ausdruck bringen [Dank, Bedauern, Liebe]
    3) (represent by symbols) ausdrücken [Zahl, Wert]
    2. attributive adjective
    1) Eil[brief, -bote usw.]; Schnell[paket, -sendung]; see also express train
    2) (particular) besonder...; bestimmt; ausdrücklich [Absicht]
    3) (stated) ausdrücklich [Wunsch, Befehl usw.]
    3. adverb
    als Eilsache [senden]
    4. noun
    (train) Schnellzug, der; D-Zug, der
    * * *
    adj.
    ausdrücklich adj.
    durch Eilboten ausdr. v.
    ausdrücken v.
    äußern v.

    English-german dictionary > express

  • 11 अगस्ति _agasti

    अगस्ति [विन्ध्याख्यं अगं अस्यति; अस्-क्तिच् शकन्ध्वादि˚, Uṇ.4. 179, or अगं विन्ध्याचलं स्त्यायति +स्तभ्नाति, स्त्यै-क; or अगः कुम्भः तत्र स्त्यानः संहतः इत्यगस्त्यः]
    1 'Pitcher-born,' N. of a celebrated Ṛiṣi or sage.
    -2 N. of the star Canopus, of which Agastya is the regent.
    -3 N. of a plant (बकवृक्ष) Sesbana (or Ӕschynomene) Grandiflora [Mar. रुईमंदार]. [The sage Agastya is a very reputed personage in Hindu mythology. In the Ṛigveda he and Vasiṣṭha are said to be the off-springs of Mitra and Varuṇa, whose seed fell from them at the sight of the lovely nymph Urvaśī at a sacrificial session. Part of the seed fell into a jar and part into water; from the former arose Agastya, who is, therefore, called Kumbhayoni, Kumbhajanman, Ghaṭodbhava, Kalaśayoni &c; from the latter Vasiṣṭha. From his parentage Agastya is also called Maitrāvaruṇi, Aurvaśeya, and, as he was very small when he was born, he is also called Mānya. He is represented to have humbled the Vindhya mountains by making them prostrate themselves before him when they tried to rise higher and higher till they wellnigh occupied the sun's disc and obstructed his path. See Vindhya. (This fable is supposed by some, to typify the progress of the Āryas towards the south in their conquest and civilization of India, the humbling of the mountain standing meta- phorically for the removal of physical obstacles in their way). He is also known by the names of Pītābdhi, Samudra-chuluka &c.; from another fable according to which he drank up the ocean because it had offended him and because he wished to help Indra and the gods in their wars with a class of demons called Kāleyas who had hid themselves in the waters and oppressed the three worlds in various ways. His wife was Lopāmudrā. She was also called Kauṣītakī and Varapradā. She bore him two sons, Dṛḍhāsya and Dṛḍhāsyu. In the Rāmāyaṇa Agastya plays a distinguished part. He dwelt in a hermitage on mount Kunjara to the south of the Vindhya and was chief of the hermits of the south. He kept under control the evil spirits who infested the south and a legend relates how he once ate up a Rākṣasa named Vātāpi, who had assumed the form of a ram, and destroyed by a flash of his eye the Rākṣasa's brother who attempted to avenge him. In the course of his wandering Rāma with his wife and brother came to the hermitge of Agastya who received him with the greatest kindness and became his friend, adviser and protector. He gave Rāma the bow of Viṣṇu and accompanied him to Ayodhyā when he was restored to his kingdom after his exile of 14 years. The superhuman power which the sage possessed, is also represented by another legend, according to which he turned king Nahuṣa into a serpent and afterwards restored him to his proper form. In the south he is usually regarded as the first teacher of science and literature to the primitive Dravidian tribes, and his era is placed by Dr. Caldwell in the 7th or 6th century B.C. The Purāṇas represent Agastya as the son of Pulastya (the sage from whom the Rākṣsas sprang) and Havirbhuvā the daughter of Kardama. Several 'hymn-seers' are mentioned in his family, such as his two sons, Indra- bāhu, Mayobhuva and Mahendra, also others who served to perpetuate the family. The sage is represented as a great philosopher, benevolent and kind-hearted, unsurpassed in the science of archery and to have taken a principal part in the colonization of the south; निर्जितासि मया भद्रे शत्रुहस्तादमर्षिणा । अगस्त्येन दुराधर्षा मुनिना दक्षिणेव .दिक् ॥ Rām; अगस्त्याचरितामाशाम् R.4.44; cf. also; अगस्त्यो दक्षिणामाशामाश्रित्य नभसिः स्थितः । वरुणस्यात्मजो योगी विन्ध्यवातापिमर्दनः ॥ and R.6.61; Mv.7.14.] अगस्तितुल्या हि घृताब्धिशोषणे । Udbhaṭa.

    Sanskrit-English dictionary > अगस्ति _agasti

  • 12 speak for

    transitive verb

    speak for yourself! — das ist [nur] deine Meinung!

    speak for itself/themselves — für sich selbst sprechen

    something is spoken for — (reserved) etwas ist schon vergeben

    * * *
    vt
    1. (support)
    ▪ to \speak for for sb/sth jdn/etw unterstützen, sich akk für jdn/etw aussprechen
    to \speak for for a motion einen Antrag unterstützen
    ▪ to \speak for for sb in jds Namen [o für jdn] sprechen
    I think I \speak for for everyone when I say he was a fine man ich denke, ich spreche im Namen aller, wenn ich sage, dass er ein feiner Mann war
    I can help on Saturday but I can't \speak for for my wife ich kann am Samstag helfen, aber was meine Frau angeht, kann ich nichts sagen
    ▪ to \speak for for oneself für sich akk selbst sprechen
    to \speak for for the accused ( form) den Angeklagten/die Angeklagte vertreten
    3. (verify)
    ▪ to \speak for for sb's sth:
    her report \speak fors well for her understanding of the problem ihr Bericht lässt deutlich ihr Verständnis des Problems erkennen
    ▪ to be spoken for [bereits] vergeben sein
    5.
    ▶ \speak for for yourself! ( hum pej fam) das mag vielleicht für dich stimmen!, du vielleicht!
    * * *
    vi +prep obj
    1) (in debate) unterstützen
    2)

    he speaks for the miners/delegation — er ist der Sprecher der Bergleute/Abordnung

    I know I speak for all of us — ich bin sicher, dass ich im Namen aller spreche

    speaking for myself... —

    let her speak for herself — lass sie selbst reden

    I can speak for his honesty — ich kann mich für seine Ehrlichkeit verbürgen

    to speak well/badly for sth — ein Beweis m/nicht gerade ein Beweis m für etw sein

    3)

    to be spoken for ( dated : girl ) — versprochen sein (old), vergeben sein (hum)

    * * *
    1. sprechen oder eintreten für:
    speak for o.s.
    a) selbst sprechen,
    b) seine eigene Meinung äußern;
    speak for yourself! das meinst aber auch nur du!;
    speaking for myself was mich anbelangt;
    that speaks for itself das spricht für sich selbst;
    that speaks (well) for him das spricht für ihn oder zu seinen Gunsten
    2. zeugen von
    3. be spoken for umg schon vergeben sein (Sache), (Person auch) in festen Händen sein
    * * *
    transitive verb

    speak for yourself! — das ist [nur] deine Meinung!

    speak for itself/themselves — für sich selbst sprechen

    something is spoken for — (reserved) etwas ist schon vergeben

    English-german dictionary > speak for

  • 13 near cash

    !
    гос. фин. The resource budget contains a separate control total for “near cash” expenditure, that is expenditure such as pay and current grants which impacts directly on the measure of the golden rule.
    This paper provides background information on the framework for the planning and control of public expenditure in the UK which has been operated since the 1998 Comprehensive Spending Review (CSR). It sets out the different classifications of spending for budgeting purposes and why these distinctions have been adopted. It discusses how the public expenditure framework is designed to ensure both sound public finances and an outcome-focused approach to public expenditure.
    The UK's public spending framework is based on several key principles:
    "
    consistency with a long-term, prudent and transparent regime for managing the public finances as a whole;
    " "
    the judgement of success by policy outcomes rather than resource inputs;
    " "
    strong incentives for departments and their partners in service delivery to plan over several years and plan together where appropriate so as to deliver better public services with greater cost effectiveness; and
    "
    the proper costing and management of capital assets to provide the right incentives for public investment.
    The Government sets policy to meet two firm fiscal rules:
    "
    the Golden Rule states that over the economic cycle, the Government will borrow only to invest and not to fund current spending; and
    "
    the Sustainable Investment Rule states that net public debt as a proportion of GDP will be held over the economic cycle at a stable and prudent level. Other things being equal, net debt will be maintained below 40 per cent of GDP over the economic cycle.
    Achievement of the fiscal rules is assessed by reference to the national accounts, which are produced by the Office for National Statistics, acting as an independent agency. The Government sets its spending envelope to comply with these fiscal rules.
    Departmental Expenditure Limits ( DEL) and Annually Managed Expenditure (AME)
    "
    Departmental Expenditure Limit ( DEL) spending, which is planned and controlled on a three year basis in Spending Reviews; and
    "
    Annually Managed Expenditure ( AME), which is expenditure which cannot reasonably be subject to firm, multi-year limits in the same way as DEL. AME includes social security benefits, local authority self-financed expenditure, debt interest, and payments to EU institutions.
    More information about DEL and AME is set out below.
    In Spending Reviews, firm DEL plans are set for departments for three years. To ensure consistency with the Government's fiscal rules departments are set separate resource (current) and capital budgets. The resource budget contains a separate control total for “near cash” expenditure, that is expenditure such as pay and current grants which impacts directly on the measure of the golden rule.
    To encourage departments to plan over the medium term departments may carry forward unspent DEL provision from one year into the next and, subject to the normal tests for tautness and realism of plans, may be drawn down in future years. This end-year flexibility also removes any incentive for departments to use up their provision as the year end approaches with less regard to value for money. For the full benefits of this flexibility and of three year plans to feed through into improved public service delivery, end-year flexibility and three year budgets should be cascaded from departments to executive agencies and other budget holders.
    Three year budgets and end-year flexibility give those managing public services the stability to plan their operations on a sensible time scale. Further, the system means that departments cannot seek to bid up funds each year (before 1997, three year plans were set and reviewed in annual Public Expenditure Surveys). So the credibility of medium-term plans has been enhanced at both central and departmental level.
    Departments have certainty over the budgetary allocation over the medium term and these multi-year DEL plans are strictly enforced. Departments are expected to prioritise competing pressures and fund these within their overall annual limits, as set in Spending Reviews. So the DEL system provides a strong incentive to control costs and maximise value for money.
    There is a small centrally held DEL Reserve. Support from the Reserve is available only for genuinely unforeseeable contingencies which departments cannot be expected to manage within their DEL.
    AME typically consists of programmes which are large, volatile and demand-led, and which therefore cannot reasonably be subject to firm multi-year limits. The biggest single element is social security spending. Other items include tax credits, Local Authority Self Financed Expenditure, Scottish Executive spending financed by non-domestic rates, and spending financed from the proceeds of the National Lottery.
    AME is reviewed twice a year as part of the Budget and Pre-Budget Report process reflecting the close integration of the tax and benefit system, which was enhanced by the introduction of tax credits.
    AME is not subject to the same three year expenditure limits as DEL, but is still part of the overall envelope for public expenditure. Affordability is taken into account when policy decisions affecting AME are made. The Government has committed itself not to take policy measures which are likely to have the effect of increasing social security or other elements of AME without taking steps to ensure that the effects of those decisions can be accommodated prudently within the Government's fiscal rules.
    Given an overall envelope for public spending, forecasts of AME affect the level of resources available for DEL spending. Cautious estimates and the AME margin are built in to these AME forecasts and reduce the risk of overspending on AME.
    Together, DEL plus AME sum to Total Managed Expenditure (TME). TME is a measure drawn from national accounts. It represents the current and capital spending of the public sector. The public sector is made up of central government, local government and public corporations.
    Resource and Capital Budgets are set in terms of accruals information. Accruals information measures resources as they are consumed rather than when the cash is paid. So for example the Resource Budget includes a charge for depreciation, a measure of the consumption or wearing out of capital assets.
    "
    Non cash charges in budgets do not impact directly on the fiscal framework. That may be because the national accounts use a different way of measuring the same thing, for example in the case of the depreciation of departmental assets. Or it may be that the national accounts measure something different: for example, resource budgets include a cost of capital charge reflecting the opportunity cost of holding capital; the national accounts include debt interest.
    "
    Within the Resource Budget DEL, departments have separate controls on:
    "
    Near cash spending, the sub set of Resource Budgets which impacts directly on the Golden Rule; and
    "
    The amount of their Resource Budget DEL that departments may spend on running themselves (e.g. paying most civil servants’ salaries) is limited by Administration Budgets, which are set in Spending Reviews. Administration Budgets are used to ensure that as much money as practicable is available for front line services and programmes. These budgets also help to drive efficiency improvements in departments’ own activities. Administration Budgets exclude the costs of frontline services delivered directly by departments.
    The Budget preceding a Spending Review sets an overall envelope for public spending that is consistent with the fiscal rules for the period covered by the Spending Review. In the Spending Review, the Budget AME forecast for year one of the Spending Review period is updated, and AME forecasts are made for the later years of the Spending Review period.
    The 1998 Comprehensive Spending Review ( CSR), which was published in July 1998, was a comprehensive review of departmental aims and objectives alongside a zero-based analysis of each spending programme to determine the best way of delivering the Government's objectives. The 1998 CSR allocated substantial additional resources to the Government's key priorities, particularly education and health, for the three year period from 1999-2000 to 2001-02.
    Delivering better public services does not just depend on how much money the Government spends, but also on how well it spends it. Therefore the 1998 CSR introduced Public Service Agreements (PSAs). Each major government department was given its own PSA setting out clear targets for achievements in terms of public service improvements.
    The 1998 CSR also introduced the DEL/ AME framework for the control of public spending, and made other framework changes. Building on the investment and reforms delivered by the 1998 CSR, successive spending reviews in 2000, 2002 and 2004 have:
    "
    provided significant increase in resources for the Government’s priorities, in particular health and education, and cross-cutting themes such as raising productivity; extending opportunity; and building strong and secure communities;
    " "
    enabled the Government significantly to increase investment in public assets and address the legacy of under investment from past decades. Departmental Investment Strategies were introduced in SR2000. As a result there has been a steady increase in public sector net investment from less than ¾ of a per cent of GDP in 1997-98 to 2¼ per cent of GDP in 2005-06, providing better infrastructure across public services;
    " "
    introduced further refinements to the performance management framework. PSA targets have been reduced in number over successive spending reviews from around 300 to 110 to give greater focus to the Government’s highest priorities. The targets have become increasingly outcome-focused to deliver further improvements in key areas of public service delivery across Government. They have also been refined in line with the conclusions of the Devolving Decision Making Review to provide a framework which encourages greater devolution and local flexibility. Technical Notes were introduced in SR2000 explaining how performance against each PSA target will be measured; and
    "
    not only allocated near cash spending to departments, but also – since SR2002 - set Resource DEL plans for non cash spending.
    To identify what further investments and reforms are needed to equip the UK for the global challenges of the decade ahead, on 19 July 2005 the Chief Secretary to the Treasury announced that the Government intends to launch a second Comprehensive Spending Review (CSR) reporting in 2007.
    A decade on from the first CSR, the 2007 CSR will represent a long-term and fundamental review of government expenditure. It will cover departmental allocations for 2008-09, 2009-10 and 2010 11. Allocations for 2007-08 will be held to the agreed figures already announced by the 2004 Spending Review. To provide a rigorous analytical framework for these departmental allocations, the Government will be taking forward a programme of preparatory work over 2006 involving:
    "
    an assessment of what the sustained increases in spending and reforms to public service delivery have achieved since the first CSR. The assessment will inform the setting of new objectives for the decade ahead;
    " "
    an examination of the key long-term trends and challenges that will shape the next decade – including demographic and socio-economic change, globalisation, climate and environmental change, global insecurity and technological change – together with an assessment of how public services will need to respond;
    " "
    to release the resources needed to address these challenges, and to continue to secure maximum value for money from public spending over the CSR period, a set of zero-based reviews of departments’ baseline expenditure to assess its effectiveness in delivering the Government’s long-term objectives; together with
    "
    further development of the efficiency programme, building on the cross cutting areas identified in the Gershon Review, to embed and extend ongoing efficiency savings into departmental expenditure planning.
    The 2007 CSR also offers the opportunity to continue to refine the PSA framework so that it drives effective delivery and the attainment of ambitious national standards.
    Public Service Agreements (PSAs) were introduced in the 1998 CSR. They set out agreed targets detailing the outputs and outcomes departments are expected to deliver with the resources allocated to them. The new spending regime places a strong emphasis on outcome targets, for example in providing for better health and higher educational standards or service standards. The introduction in SR2004 of PSA ‘standards’ will ensure that high standards in priority areas are maintained.
    The Government monitors progress against PSA targets, and departments report in detail twice a year in their annual Departmental Reports (published in spring) and in their autumn performance reports. These reports provide Parliament and the public with regular updates on departments’ performance against their targets.
    Technical Notes explain how performance against each PSA target will be measured.
    To make the most of both new investment and existing assets, there needs to be a coherent long term strategy against which investment decisions are taken. Departmental Investment Strategies (DIS) set out each department's plans to deliver the scale and quality of capital stock needed to underpin its objectives. The DIS includes information about the department's existing capital stock and future plans for that stock, as well as plans for new investment. It also sets out the systems that the department has in place to ensure that it delivers its capital programmes effectively.
    This document was updated on 19 December 2005.
    Near-cash resource expenditure that has a related cash implication, even though the timing of the cash payment may be slightly different. For example, expenditure on gas or electricity supply is incurred as the fuel is used, though the cash payment might be made in arrears on aquarterly basis. Other examples of near-cash expenditure are: pay, rental.Net cash requirement the upper limit agreed by Parliament on the cash which a department may draw from theConsolidated Fund to finance the expenditure within the ambit of its Request forResources. It is equal to the agreed amount of net resources and net capital less non-cashitems and working capital.Non-cash cost costs where there is no cash transaction but which are included in a body’s accounts (or taken into account in charging for a service) to establish the true cost of all the resourcesused.Non-departmental a body which has a role in the processes of government, but is not a government public body, NDPBdepartment or part of one. NDPBs accordingly operate at arm’s length from governmentMinisters.Notional cost of a cost which is taken into account in setting fees and charges to improve comparability with insuranceprivate sector service providers.The charge takes account of the fact that public bodies donot generally pay an insurance premium to a commercial insurer.the independent body responsible for collecting and publishing official statistics about theUK’s society and economy. (At the time of going to print legislation was progressing tochange this body to the Statistics Board).Office of Government an office of the Treasury, with a status similar to that of an agency, which aims to maximise Commerce, OGCthe government’s purchasing power for routine items and combine professional expertiseto bear on capital projects.Office of the the government department responsible for discharging the Paymaster General’s statutoryPaymaster General,responsibilities to hold accounts and make payments for government departments and OPGother public bodies.Orange bookthe informal title for Management of Risks: Principles and Concepts, which is published by theTreasury for the guidance of public sector bodies.Office for NationalStatistics, ONS60Managing Public Money
    ————————————————————————————————————————
    "
    GLOSSARYOverdraftan account with a negative balance.Parliament’s formal agreement to authorise an activity or expenditure.Prerogative powerspowers exercisable under the Royal Prerogative, ie powers which are unique to the Crown,as contrasted with common-law powers which may be available to the Crown on the samebasis as to natural persons.Primary legislationActs which have been passed by the Westminster Parliament and, where they haveappropriate powers, the Scottish Parliament and the Northern Ireland Assembly. Begin asBills until they have received Royal Assent.arrangements under which a public sector organisation contracts with a private sectorentity to construct a facility and provide associated services of a specified quality over asustained period. See annex 7.5.Proprietythe principle that patterns of resource consumption should respect Parliament’s intentions,conventions and control procedures, including any laid down by the PAC. See box 2.4.Public Accountssee Committee of Public Accounts.CommitteePublic corporationa trading body controlled by central government, local authority or other publiccorporation that has substantial day to day operating independence. See section 7.8.Public Dividend finance provided by government to public sector bodies as an equity stake; an alternative to Capital, PDCloan finance.Public Service sets out what the public can expect the government to deliver with its resources. EveryAgreement, PSAlarge government department has PSA(s) which specify deliverables as targets or aimsrelated to objectives.a structured arrangement between a public sector and a private sector organisation tosecure an outcome delivering good value for money for the public sector. It is classified tothe public or private sector according to which has more control.Rate of returnthe financial remuneration delivered by a particular project or enterprise, expressed as apercentage of the net assets employed.Regularitythe principle that resource consumption should accord with the relevant legislation, therelevant delegated authority and this document. See box 2.4.Request for the functional level into which departmental Estimates may be split. RfRs contain a number Resources, RfRof functions being carried out by the department in pursuit of one or more of thatdepartment’s objectives.Resource accountan accruals account produced in line with the Financial Reporting Manual (FReM).Resource accountingthe system under which budgets, Estimates and accounts are constructed in a similar wayto commercial audited accounts, so that both plans and records of expenditure allow in fullfor the goods and services which are to be, or have been, consumed – ie not just the cashexpended.Resource budgetthe means by which the government plans and controls the expenditure of resources tomeet its objectives.Restitutiona legal concept which allows money and property to be returned to its rightful owner. Ittypically operates where another person can be said to have been unjustly enriched byreceiving such monies.Return on capital the ratio of profit to capital employed of an accounting entity during an identified period.employed, ROCEVarious measures of profit and of capital employed may be used in calculating the ratio.Public Privatepartnership, PPPPrivate Finance Initiative, PFIParliamentaryauthority61Managing Public Money
    "
    ————————————————————————————————————————
    GLOSSARYRoyal charterthe document setting out the powers and constitution of a corporation established underprerogative power of the monarch acting on Privy Council advice.Second readingthe second formal time that a House of Parliament may debate a bill, although in practicethe first substantive debate on its content. If successful, it is deemed to denoteParliamentary approval of the principle of the proposed legislation.Secondary legislationlaws, including orders and regulations, which are made using powers in primary legislation.Normally used to set out technical and administrative provision in greater detail thanprimary legislation, they are subject to a less intense level of scrutiny in Parliament.European legislation is,however,often implemented in secondary legislation using powers inthe European Communities Act 1972.Service-level agreement between parties, setting out in detail the level of service to be performed.agreementWhere agreements are between central government bodies, they are not legally a contractbut have a similar function.Shareholder Executive a body created to improve the government’s performance as a shareholder in businesses.Spending reviewsets out the key improvements in public services that the public can expect over a givenperiod. It includes a thorough review of departmental aims and objectives to find the bestway of delivering the government’s objectives, and sets out the spending plans for the givenperiod.State aidstate support for a domestic body or company which could distort EU competition and sois not usually allowed. See annex 4.9.Statement of Excessa formal statement detailing departments’ overspends prepared by the Comptroller andAuditor General as a result of undertaking annual audits.Statement on Internal an annual statement that Accounting Officers are required to make as part of the accounts Control, SICon a range of risk and control issues.Subheadindividual elements of departmental expenditure identifiable in Estimates as single cells, forexample cell A1 being administration costs within a particular line of departmental spending.Supplyresources voted by Parliament in response to Estimates, for expenditure by governmentdepartments.Supply Estimatesa statement of the resources the government needs in the coming financial year, and forwhat purpose(s), by which Parliamentary authority is sought for the planned level ofexpenditure and income.Target rate of returnthe rate of return required of a project or enterprise over a given period, usually at least a year.Third sectorprivate sector bodies which do not act commercially,including charities,social and voluntaryorganisations and other not-for-profit collectives. See annex 7.7.Total Managed a Treasury budgeting term which covers all current and capital spending carried out by the Expenditure,TMEpublic sector (ie not just by central departments).Trading fundan organisation (either within a government department or forming one) which is largely orwholly financed from commercial revenue generated by its activities. Its Estimate shows itsnet impact, allowing its income from receipts to be devoted entirely to its business.Treasury Minutea formal administrative document drawn up by the Treasury, which may serve a wide varietyof purposes including seeking Parliamentary approval for the use of receipts asappropriations in aid, a remission of some or all of the principal of voted loans, andresponding on behalf of the government to reports by the Public Accounts Committee(PAC).62Managing Public Money
    ————————————————————————————————————————
    GLOSSARY63Managing Public MoneyValue for moneythe process under which organisation’s procurement, projects and processes aresystematically evaluated and assessed to provide confidence about suitability, effectiveness,prudence,quality,value and avoidance of error and other waste,judged for the public sectoras a whole.Virementthe process through which funds are moved between subheads such that additionalexpenditure on one is met by savings on one or more others.Votethe process by which Parliament approves funds in response to supply Estimates.Voted expenditureprovision for expenditure that has been authorised by Parliament. Parliament ‘votes’authority for public expenditure through the Supply Estimates process. Most expenditureby central government departments is authorised in this way.Wider market activity activities undertaken by central government organisations outside their statutory duties,using spare capacity and aimed at generating a commercial profit. See annex 7.6.Windfallmonies received by a department which were not anticipated in the spending review.
    ————————————————————————————————————————

    Англо-русский экономический словарь > near cash

  • 14 cámara

    f.
    1 camera, photographic camera.
    2 chamber, empty chamber.
    3 chamber, hall, room, saloon.
    4 chamber.
    5 camera, television transmitting camera.
    6 camera, motion-picture camera.
    7 cameraman, cinematographer, cinematographist.
    8 House.
    9 inner tube of the tire.
    * * *
    1 (sala, pieza) chamber, room
    2 (institución) chamber
    3 (para el grano) granary
    5 (de rueda) inner tube
    6 TÉCNICA chamber
    7 (fotográfica, de cine) camera
    8 ANATOMÍA cavity
    1 (hombre) cameraman; (mujer) camerawoman
    1 (diarrea) diarrhoea sing (US diarrhea)
    \
    a cámara lenta in slow motion
    cámara acorazada strongroom
    cámara alta PLÍTICA upper house
    cámara baja PLÍTICA lower house
    cámara de aire air chamber
    cámara de cine cine camera, (US movie camera)
    cámara de comercio chamber of commerce
    cámara de gas gas chamber
    Cámara de los Comunes House of Commons
    Cámara de los Diputados Chamber of Deputies
    Cámara de los Lores House of Lords
    cámara frigorífica cold-storage room
    cámara mortuoria funeral chamber
    cámara nupcial bridal suite
    * * *
    noun f.
    •
    - cámara fotográfica
    * * *
    1. SF
    1) [de fotos, televisión] camera
    chupar 1., 1)
    2) † (=habitación) chamber

    cámara acorazada — [de archivo] strongroom, vaults pl ; [de banco] vaults pl

    cámara de gas — [de ejecución] gas chamber

    cámara frigorífica — cold-storage room, refrigerated container

    3) (Pol) house, chamber

    Cámara Alta — Upper House, Upper Chamber

    Cámara Baja — Lower House, Lower Chamber

    4) ( Hist) [de palacio] royal chamber
    ayuda 2.
    5) (Náut) (=camarote) cabin; [de oficiales] wardroom
    6) [de neumático] (inner) tube

    cubierta sin cámara — tubeless tyre, tubeless tire (EEUU)

    7) (Mec)
    8) (Anat) cavity
    9) pl cámaras (Med) † diarrhoea sing, diarrhea sing (EEUU)
    2.
    SMF camera operator, cameraman/camerawoman
    * * *
    1) (arc) ( aposento) chamber (frml)
    2) (Gob, Pol) house
    3) (Com, Fin) association
    4) ( aparato) camera

    en or (Esp) a cámara lenta — in slow motion

    5) cámara masculino y femenino (Esp) ( camarógrafo) (m) cameraman; (f) camerawoman
    6)
    a) (Fís, Mec) chamber
    b) ( de un arma) chamber
    7) ( de un neumático) inner tube
    * * *
    1) (arc) ( aposento) chamber (frml)
    2) (Gob, Pol) house
    3) (Com, Fin) association
    4) ( aparato) camera

    en or (Esp) a cámara lenta — in slow motion

    5) cámara masculino y femenino (Esp) ( camarógrafo) (m) cameraman; (f) camerawoman
    6)
    a) (Fís, Mec) chamber
    b) ( de un arma) chamber
    7) ( de un neumático) inner tube
    * * *
    cámara1
    1 = vault, chamber, house.
    Nota: De congreso, parlamento u otro organismo de gobierno.

    Ex: Film and videotape are stored on the premises in vaults situated at the back of the library and are air conditioned to ensure a constant temperature.

    Ex: In the central chamber about 100 sheets (130 litres) of A4 paper can be treated so as to imitate and accelerate their exposure to highly polluted air.
    Ex: The first committee involving both houses of Congress in the new capital of Washington, D.C., was the Joint Committee on the Library of Congress, founded in 1802.
    * ayuda de cámara = valet.
    * cámara al vacío = vacuum chamber.
    * cámara de combustión = combustion chamber.
    * cámara de comercio = chamber of commerce.
    * Cámara de Delegados = House of Delegates.
    * cámara de gas = gas chamber.
    * Cámara de los Comunes, la = House of Commons, the.
    * Cámara de los Lores, la = House of Lords, the.
    * Cámara de Representantes = House of Representatives.
    * cámara de seguridad = storage vault.
    * cámara de tortura = torture chamber.
    * cámara de vapor = steam chamber.
    * cámara frigorífica = cold vault, cool vault.
    * cámara humidificadora = humidity chamber, humidifying chamber.
    * música de cámara = chamber music.
    * orquesta de cámara = chamber orchestra.
    * pared con cámara de aire = cavity wall.
    * rueda sin cámara = tubeless tyre.

    cámara2
    2 = camera, cam.

    Ex: The true meaning of the cliche 'A picture is worth more than ten thousand words,' is never more evident than when students first see themselves on camera after simulating reference interviews in the classroom.

    Ex: They were seen posing on cam showing their boobies and wearing gee-strings.
    * cámara de rodar películas = movie camera.
    * cámara de seguridad = security camera, surveillance camera.
    * cámara digital = digital camera.
    * cámara fotográfica = photographic camera.
    * cámara lenta = slow motion.
    * cámara oculta = hidden camera.
    * móvil con cámara = cameraphone.

    cámara3

    Ex: Film, a new medium of communication 100 years ago, developed into an art form for directors, cinematographers, and a new breed of actors.

    * * *
    A ( arc) (aposento) chamber ( frml)
    Compuestos:
    strongroom, vault
    funeral chamber
    strongroom, vault
    isolation room
    gas chamber
    ( Méx) cold store
    torture chamber
    cold store
    funeral chamber
    (CS) septic tank
    B ( Gob, Pol) house
    Compuestos:
    ● cámara alta/baja
    upper/lower house
    House of Commons
    Chamber of Deputies
    House of Lords
    House of Representatives
    Senate
    ( Arg) Federal Appeal Court
    C ( Com, Fin) association
    Compuestos:
    ● cámara agraria or agrícola
    farmers' union
    chamber of commerce
    clearing house
    audit commission
    chamber of tourism
    D (aparato) camera
    filmar/pasar una secuencia en or ( Esp) a cámara lenta to film/show a sequence in slow motion
    chupar cámara ( fam); to get media attention ( colloq)
    Compuestos:
    camera, film camera
    film camera
    speed camera
    disk camera
    ● cámara de televisión/video or ( Esp) vídeo
    television/video camera
    CCTV camera
    ● cámara de vigilancia o de seguridad
    video surveillance; CCTV
    infrared camera
    digital camera
    pinhole camera
    camera
    reflex camera
    webcam
    E
    ( feminine) camerawoman
    F
    1 ( Fís, Mec) chamber
    2 (de un arma) chamber
    Compuestos:
    air chamber
    combustion chamber
    compression chamber
    decompression chamber
    oxygen tent
    vacuum chamber
    G
    * * *

     

    cámara sustantivo femenino
    1
    a) (arc) ( aposento) chamber (frml)

    b) ( recinto): cámara acorazada or blindada strongroom, vault;


    cámara de gas gas chamber;
    cámara frigorífica cold store
    2 (Gob, Pol):

    Ccámara de los Comunes/de los Lores House of Commons/of Lords;
    Ccámara de Representantes House of Representatives
    3 (Com, Fin) association;

    4 ( aparato) camera;
    en or (Esp) a cámara lenta in slow motion;

    cámara de video or (Esp) vídeo video camera;
    cámara fotográfica camera
    cámara
    I sustantivo femenino
    1 Fot TV camera
    2 (habitación, reservado) room, chamber
    cámara acorazada, vault
    cámara de gas, gas chamber
    3 (refrigerador industrial) cold-storage room
    4 Pol Chamber, House
    cámara alta, (senado) upper house
    cámara baja, (congreso) lower house
    Cámara de los Diputados, Chamber of Deputies
    5 Com Cámara de Comercio, Chamber of Commerce
    cámara de compensación, clearing house
    6 Auto (de un neumático) inner tube
    7 Mús música de cámara, chamber music
    II sustantivo masculino y femenino (hombre) cameraman
    (mujer) camerawoman
    ♦ Locuciones: a cámara lenta, in slow motion
    ' cámara' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    boquete
    - descompresión
    - enfocar
    - enseñar
    - frigorífica
    - frigorífico
    - lord
    - operador
    - operadora
    - orquesta
    - resonancia
    - rollo
    - simple
    - sumergible
    - traerse
    - visor
    - cargar
    - espía
    - mover
    English:
    camcorder
    - camera
    - cameraman
    - chamber
    - chamber music
    - Chamber of Commerce
    - common
    - crew
    - damage
    - face
    - focus
    - gas chamber
    - house
    - House Lords
    - House of Commons
    - House of Representatives
    - loaded
    - lord
    - photo finish
    - representative
    - saloon
    - slow-motion
    - speaker
    - strap
    - strongroom
    - train
    - tube
    - Upper House
    - valet
    - vault
    - cinecamera
    - Commons
    - digital
    - gas
    - inner
    - movie camera
    - pan
    - slow motion
    - steady
    - strong
    * * *
    ♦ nf
    1. [de fotos, cine] camera
    cámara cinematográfica movie o Br cine camera;
    cámara digital digital camera;
    cámara lenta slow motion;
    también Fig
    a cámara lenta in slow motion;
    si miras la repetición de la jugada a cámara lenta podrás fijarte en todos los detalles if you watch the slow-motion replay, you'll be able to see all the details;
    TV cámara oculta candid camera;
    cámara oscura camera obscura;
    cámara réflex reflex o SLR camera;
    cámara de televisión television camera;
    cámara de vídeo o Am video [profesional] video camera;
    [de aficionado] camcorder;
    cámara web web camera
    2. [sala] chamber
    cámara acorazada strongroom, vault;
    cámara de gas gas chamber;
    cámara mortuoria funeral chamber;
    cámara de torturas torture chamber
    3. [receptáculo] chamber;
    cámara (de aire) [de balón] bladder;
    [de neumático] inner tube cámara de combustión combustion chamber;
    cámara de descompresión decompression chamber;
    cámara frigorífica cold-storage room;
    un camión con cámara frigorífica a refrigerated Br lorry o US truck;
    Fís cámara de niebla cloud chamber;
    cámara de resonancia echo chamber;
    RP cámara séptica septic tank;
    cámara de vacío vacuum chamber
    4. [de arma] chamber, breech
    5. [asamblea] chamber
    cámara alta upper house; Esp cámara autonómica autonomous regional parliament;
    cámara baja lower house;
    Cámara de los Comunes House of Commons;
    cámara legislativa legislative chamber;
    Cámara de los Lores House of Lords;
    Cámara de Representantes House of Representatives;
    cámara territorial = chamber of parliament where members represent a region, rather than electoral constituencies of roughly equal size
    6. Com [entidad, organismo] chamber
    cámara agrícola farmers' association;
    cámara de Comercio Chamber of Commerce;
    cámara de compensación clearing house;
    cámara de la propiedad property owners' association
    7.
    de cámara [del rey] court, royal;
    pintor de cámara court painter
    ♦ nmf
    [persona] cameraman, f camerawoman
    * * *
    I f
    1 FOT, TV camera;
    TV hog the limelight fam ;
    a cámara lenta in slow motion
    2 ( sala) chamber;
    de cámara MÚS chamber atr
    II m/f cameraman; mujer camerawoman
    * * *
    1) : camera
    2) : chamber, room
    3) : house (in government)
    4) : inner tube
    * * *
    1. (fotográfica, de televisión) camera
    2. (persona) cameraman [pl. cameramen]
    3. (de bicicleta) inner tube

    Spanish-English dictionary > cámara

  • 15 आप्री _āprī

    आप्री f. [आप्रीणात्यनया आ-प्री-ड-गौरा˚ ङीष्] Ved.
    1 Conciliation, propitiation, gaining one's favour.
    -2 (pl.) 'Propitiatory verses', a name given to certain invocations addressed to several deified objects in con- secutive order, and said to be introductory to the animal sacrifice; some take the Apris to represent the objects themselves, the verses being consequently called Apri verses. The objects invoked are 12:- Susamiddha, Tanūnapāt, Narāśaṁsa, the divine being bearing invocations to the gods, Barhis, the doors of the sacrificial chamber, night and dawn the two divine beings protecting the sacrifice, the three goddesses Ilā, Sarasvatī, and Mahī, Tvaṣṭṛi, Vanaspati and Svāhā, (all these being regarded by Sāyaṇa to be different forms of Agni); स एता आप्रीरपश्यत्ताभिर्वै स मुखत आत्मानमा- प्रीणीत; cf. also Max Muller's Hist. Anc. Lit. pp. 463-466.

    Sanskrit-English dictionary > आप्री _āprī

  • 16 réclamer

    réclamer [ʀeklαme]
    ➭ TABLE 1
    1. transitive verb
       a. ( = demander) to ask for
    • il m'a réclamé à boire/un jouet he asked me for a drink/a toy
       b. [+ droit, dû, part] to claim ; [+ rançon] to demand
       c. ( = nécessiter) [+ patience, soin] to require
    2. reflexive verb
    • se réclamer de [+ parti, organisation] to claim to represent ; [+ théorie, principe] to claim to adhere to ; [+ personne] to claim to be a follower of
    * * *
    ʀeklame
    1.
    1) ( demander) to ask for [personne, chose, argent]; to call for [réforme, aide, silence, enquête]; to beg [indulgence]; to claim [dû, indemnité]; to demand [justice, augmentation]

    réclamer la parole — gén to ask to speak; ( dans un débat) to ask to take the floor

    2) ( en pleurant) [bébé] to cry for
    3) ( nécessiter) to require [qualité]

    2.
    verbe intransitif ( se plaindre) to complain

    3.
    se réclamer verbe pronominal
    1)

    se réclamer de — (affirmer, représenter) [parti] to be an expression of [démocratie]; [organisation, personne] to claim to be representative of [parti, organisme, religion]

    2)

    se réclamer de — ( se fonder sur) [personne] to claim to follow [principe, idéologie, personne]

    * * *
    ʀeklɒme
    1. vt
    1) [aide, nourriture] to ask for
    2) [dû, part] to demand, to claim, [indemnité] to claim

    Nous réclamons la semaine de trente heures. — We demand a 30-hour week.

    3) (= nécessiter) to demand, to require
    2. vi

    Elles sont toujours en train de réclamer. — They're always complaining about something.

    * * *
    réclamer verb table: aimer
    A vtr
    1 ( demander) to ask for [personne, chose, argent]; to call for [réforme, aide, silence, enquête]; to beg [indulgence]; to claim [dû, indemnité]; to demand [justice, augmentation]; réclamer de l'argent à qn to ask sb for money; réclamer des indemnités à qn to claim damages from sb; réclamer que to demand that (+ subj); réclamer qu'elle s'en aille to demand that she go; réclamer la parole gén to ask to speak; ( dans un débat) to ask to take the floor; se voir réclamer qch to be asked for sth; réclamer à cor et à cri to clamourGB for;
    2 ( en pleurant) [bébé] to cry for [biberon, mère];
    3 ( nécessiter) to require [qualité]; travail qui réclame de l'attention work that requires attention.
    B vi
    1 ( se plaindre) to complain; il n'arrête pas de réclamer he keeps complaining.
    1 ( s'affirmer) se réclamer de [parti] to be an expression of [démocratie]; [organisation, personne] to claim to be representative of [parti, organisme, religion];
    2 ( se fonder sur) [personne] to claim to follow [principe, idéologie, personne]; se réclamer de ses ancêtres to involve the memory of one's ancestors;
    3 ( se prévaloir) se réclamer de qn to use sb's name; il s'est réclamé de mon père pour se faire inviter he used my father's name to get himself invited.
    [reklame] verbe transitif
    1. [argent, augmentation] to demand
    [attention, silence] to call for (inseparable), to demand
    [personne] to ask ou to clamour for (inseparable)
    je réclame le silence! silence, please!
    2. [revendiquer - droit] to claim ; [ - somme due] to put in for (inseparable), to claim
    3. [nécessiter - précautions] to call for (inseparable) ; [ - soins] to require ; [ - explication] to require, to demand
    ————————
    [reklame] verbe intransitif
    1. [se plaindre]
    2. [protester]
    ————————
    se réclamer de verbe pronominal plus préposition
    a. [utiliser son nom] to use somebody's name
    b. [se prévaloir de lui] to invoke somebody's name

    Dictionnaire Français-Anglais > réclamer

  • 17 ÓÐINN

    (dat. Óðni), m. Odin.
    * * *
    m., dat. Óðni; [A. S. Wodan; O. H. G. Wodan, in the Old High German song Phol ende Wodan vuoron zi holza; in the Norse the w is dropped, whence Odinn]:—Odin, Wodan, the name of the founder of the ancient Northern and Teutonic religion, who was afterwards worshipped as the supreme god, the fountain-head of wisdom, the founder of culture, writing, and poetry, the progenitor of kings, the lord of battle and victory; so that his name and that of Allföðr (Allfather, the father of gods and men) were blended together. For Odin as an historical person see esp. Yngl. S., the first chapters of which were originally written by Ari the historian, who himself traced his pedigree back to Odin. For the various tales of Odin as a deity see the Edda and the old poems; for the legends explaining how Odin came by his wisdom, how he was inspired, how he pawned his eye in the well of Mimir, see Vsp. 22; how he hung in the world-tree Yggdrasil, Hm. 139 sqq.; and the most popular account, how he carried away the poetical mead from the giant Suptung, etc., see Hm. 104–110. and Edda 47–49; for his travelling in disguise in search of wisdom among giants and Norns, Vþm., Gm., Vsp. For Odin’s many names and attributes see Edda (Gl.) The greatest families, the Ynglings in Sweden, Skjöldungs in Denmark, and the Háleygir in Norway, traced their pedigrees back to Odin, see the poems Ýt., Ht., Langfeðgatal. In translations from the Latin, Odin was, strangely enough, taken to represent Mercury; thus, kölluðu þeir Pál Óðin, en Barnabas Þór, they called Paul Odin, but Barnabas they called Thor, is an ancient rendering of Acts xiv. 12, cp. Clem., Bret., and passim. This seems to have originated with the Romans themselves; for Tacitus says, ‘deorum maxime Mercurium colunt,’ by which he can only mean Wodan; the Romans may have heard the German tales of Wodan’s wonderful travels, his many assumed names and disguises, his changes of shape, his eloquence, his magical power,—tales such as abound in the Edda,—and these might make the Romans think of the Greek legends of Hermes: accordingly, when the planetary week days were adopted from the Lat., ‘dies Mercurii’ was rendered into A. S. by Wodansdäg, in Engl. Wednesday, in Dan. Onsdag, in Norse Óðins-dagr, Orkn. 386, Fms. ix. 282: Óðins-nótt, f. Wednesday night, N. G. L. i. 17. Óðins-hani, a, m. a bird, tringa hyperborea, or the phalaropus cinereus, or the red phalarope, see Fjölnir viii, Faber, Edda (Gl.)
    II. Northern local names, Óðins-vé, n. the sanctuary of Odin = Odense in Fünen in Denmark, Knytl. S.: Óðins-salr, m. in Norway. Munch’s Norg. Beskr. 79: Óðins-lundr, m. Odin’s grove. In a single instance Athens is rendered by Óðins-borg, and the Athenians by Óðins-borgar-menn, Post. 645. 90; the name can only have been formed from the Greek name pronounced with the th sound, perhaps by the Northmen at Constantinople, who may have associated the name, thus sounded, with Odin’s supposed travels from the east to Sweden, and his halts at various places, which were afterwards called after him, as recorded in Yngl. S. As a pr. name, Othen villicus, Dipl. Arna-Magn. (Thorkelin) i. 23; Oden Throndsson, D. N. iv. 756, 764; Ódin-dís, f., Baut., but very rare. It is noteworthy that the name of Odin is, in the old poets, hardly ever used as appellative in poët. circumlocutions of a ‘man;’ málm-Óðinn is a απ. λεγ. = warrior.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > ÓÐINN

  • 18 teneō

        teneō tenuī, —, ēre    [2 TA-], to hold, keep, have, grasp, hold fast: flabellulum, T.: facem, V. telum, L.: cruentum gladium: manu Fragmina, O.: Dextra tenet ferrum, O.: ore cibum, Ph.: Hanc teneo sinu, O.; cf. cum res non coniecturā, sed oculis ac manibus teneretur, i. e. was palpable. —Fig., to hold in mind, take in, understand, conceive, comprehend, know: rem tenes, you understand the situation, T.: teneo, I understand, T.: quae a Romanis auguribus ignorantur, a Cilicibus tenentur: quo pacto cuncta tenerem, H.—Implying possession or control, to hold, possess, be master of, control, occupy: multa hereditatibus tenebantur sine iniuriā: quae tenuit dives Achaemenes, H.: loca, L.: colles praesidiis, Cs.: terras, H.: alterum cornu, command, N.: provincias aliaque omnia, S.: rem p. opes paucorum tenere coeperunt, to control public affairs: ut res p. vi tribuniciā teneretur, should be mastered, cf. qui tenent (sc. rem p.), qui potiuntur, i. e. who are in supreme power: me Galatea tenebat, i. e. held my affections, V.: teneone te? i. e. are you restored to me? T.—Implying persistence, to hold fast, keep, occupy, watch, guard, defend, maintain, retain: legio locum non tenuit, Cs.: Capitolia celsa, V.: in manicis te sub custode, H.: Athenae tuae sempiternam in arce oleam tenere potuerunt.—Of a way or course, to hold, keep, maintain, follow up: secundissimo vento cursum, to hold one's course: vento intermisso cursum, Cs.: Quove tenetis iter? V.: tenuit tamen vestigia Bucar, L.: Aeneam... ab Siciliā classe ad Laurentem agrum tenuisse (sc. cursum), sailed, L.: medio tutissimus ibis... Inter utrumque tene, O.; cf. hic ventus adversum tenet Athenis proficiscentibus, blows the wrong way, N.—Fig., to hold fast, guard, preserve, uphold, keep, insist on: consuetudinem meam: non tenebat ornatum suum civitas: ius suum: haec duo in amicitiā, etc.: imperium in suos: silentium, L. — To hold fast, maintain, support, defend, uphold, insist: illud arcte tenent, voluptatem esse summum bonum: propositum, maintain, Cs.: suas leges: quo causae teste tenentur, H.: plebs tenuit, ne consules in proximum annum crearentur, L.: tenuere patres, ut Fabius consul crearetur, L.— Of the memory, to hold, keep: tui memoriam cum summā benevolentiā, preserve a recollection of: memoriā tenetis, res esse, etc., you remember numeros memini, si verba tenerem, recollect, V.: dicta tenere, H.—Of disposition or desire, to possess, occupy, control: quae te tanta pravitas mentis tenuerit, ut, etc., has had possession of you: magna me spes tenet: nisi forte quem perniciosa libido tenet, S.: neque irā neque gratiā teneri, to be controlled: pompā, ludis, to be fascinated: ab <*>ratore iam obsessus est ac tenetur.— To hold position, maintain oneself, stay, be posted: quā abscisae rupes erant, statio paucorum armatorum tenebat, L.: tenent Danai, quā deficit ignis, V.— To hold out, hold on, last, endure, continue, maintain itself, prevail: imber per noctem totam tenuit, L.: tenet fama, lupam, etc, L.: fama tenuit, haud plus fuisse modio, L.—Implying attainment, to reach, arrive at, attain, occupy: montes Sabini petebant et pauci tenuere, L.: portum, L.: Hesperiam, O.—Fig., to reach, gain, acquire, obtain, attain: per cursum rectum regnum tenere: virtute regnum, L.: teneri res aliter non potest: causam, O.—Implying restraint, to hold fast, hold back, hinder, restrain, detain, check, control, stay: naves, quae vento tenebantur, Cs.: classem ibi tenebat, L.: si id te non tenet, advola: Marcellum ab gerundis rebus: ne diutius teneam: tene linguam, O.: pecus omne tenendum, V.: manum, H.: quo me decet usque teneri? V.: lacrimas in morte miserā: exercitum in stativis, L.—With pron reflex., to keep back, remain, stay: castris sese, Cs.: castris se pavidus tenebat, L.: a conventu se remotum domi, N.: me ab accusando, refrain.— Fig., to hold, hold back, repress, restrain, bind, fetter: iracundiam: risum: iram, Cu.: ea, quae occurrunt, keep to themselves: Sed te, ne faceres, tenuit reverentia famae, O.—Implying constraint, to bind, hold, obligate, be binding on, control: quamquam leges eum non tenent: interdicto non teneri: ut plebi scita omnes Quirites tenerent, L.: teneri alienis foederibus, L.: poenā teneri, to be liable: testibus in re perspicuā teneri, to be convicted.— Implying comprehension, to take in, comprise, comprehend, include: haec magnos formula reges tenet. H.: ut homines deorum agnatione et gente teneantur: id quod (genus officiorum) teneatur hominum societate.
    * * *
    tenere, tenui, tentus V
    hold, keep; comprehend; possess; master; preserve; represent; support

    Latin-English dictionary > teneō

  • 19 ऋभु


    ṛibhú
    mfn. ( rabh), clever, skilful, inventive, prudent (said of Indra, Agni, andﾠ the Ādityas RV. ;

    alsoﾠ of property orﾠ wealth RV. IV, 37, 5; VIII, 93, 34 ;
    of an arrow AV. I, 2, 3);
    (us) m. an artist, one who works in iron, a smith, builder (of carriages etc.)
    N. of three semi-divine beings (Ṛibhu, Vāja, andﾠ Vibhvan, the name of the first being applied to all of them;
    thought by some to represent the three seasons of the year, Ludwig RV. vol. III, p. 187, andﾠ celebrated for their skill as artists;
    they are supposed to dwell in the solar sphere, andﾠ are the artists who formed the horses of Indra, the carriage of the Aṡvins, andﾠ the miraculous cow of Bṛihaspati;
    they made their parents young, andﾠ performed other wonderful works < Sv-apas>;
    they are supposed to take their ease andﾠ remain idle for twelve days < the twelve intercalary days of the winter solstice> every year in the house of the Sun < Agohya>;
    after which they recommence working;
    when the gods heard of their skill, they sent Agni to them with the one cup of their rival Tvashṭṛi, the artificer of the gods, bidding the Ṛibhus construct four cups from it;
    when they had successfully executed this task, the gods received the Ṛibhus amongst themselves andﾠ allowed them to partake of their sacrifices etc.;
    cf. Kaegi RV. p. 53 f.) RV. AV. etc.;
    they appear generally as accompanying Indra, especially at the evening sacrifice;
    in later mythology Ṛibhu is a son of Brahman VP. ;
    a deity L. ;
    ( avas) m. a class of deities;
    + cf. Gk. ἀλφεῖν;
    Lat. labor;
    Goth. arb-aiths;
    Angl. Sax. earfodh;
    Slav. rab-ǔ
    - ऋभुमत्
    - ऋभुष्ठिर

    Sanskrit-English dictionary > ऋभु

  • 20 show

    1. noun
    1) (display) Pracht, die

    a show of flowers/colour — eine Blumen-/Farbenpracht

    show of force/strength — etc. Demonstration der Macht/Stärke usw.

    2) (exhibition) Ausstellung, die; Schau, die

    dog show — Hundeschau, die

    3) (entertainment, performance) Show, die; (Theatre) Vorstellung, die; (Radio, Telev.) [Unterhaltungs]sendung, die; see also academic.ru/70491/steal">steal 1. 1)
    4) (coll.): (effort)

    put up a good/poor show — eine gute/schlechte Figur machen

    good show! — gut [gemacht]!

    5) (coll.): (undertaking, business)

    it's his show — er ist der Boss (ugs.)

    give the [whole] show away — alles ausquatschen (salopp)

    6) (outward appearance) Anschein, der

    make or put on a [great] show of doing something — sich (Dat.) [angestrengt] den Anschein geben, etwas zu tun

    do something just for show — etwas nur aus Prestigegründen tun

    2. transitive verb,
    p.p. shown or showed
    1) (allow or cause to be seen) zeigen; vorzeigen [Pass, Fahrschein usw.]

    show somebody something, show something to somebody — jemandem etwas zeigen

    have nothing/something to show for it — [dabei] nichts/etwas zum Vorzeigen haben

    this material does not show the dirt — auf diesem Material sieht man den Schmutz nicht; see also colour 1. 5); sign 1. 5)

    2) (manifest, give evidence of) zeigen; beweisen [Mut, Entschlossenheit, Urteilsvermögen usw.]

    he is showing his age — man sieht ihm sein Alter an

    3)

    show [somebody] kindness/mercy — freundlich [zu jemandem] sein/Erbarmen [mit jemandem] haben

    show mercy on or to somebody — Erbarmen mit jemandem haben

    4) (indicate) zeigen [Gefühl, Freude usw.]; [Thermometer, Uhr usw.:] anzeigen

    as shown in the illustration — wie die Abbildung zeigt

    the firm shows a profit/loss — die Firma macht Gewinn/Verlust

    5) (demonstrate, prove) zeigen

    show somebody that... — jemandem beweisen, dass...

    it all/just goes to show that... — das beweist nur, dass...

    it all goes to show, doesn't it? — das beweist es doch, oder?

    I'll show you/him etc.! — ich werd's dir/ihm usw. schon zeigen!

    show somebody who's boss — jemandem zeigen, wer das Sagen hat

    6) (conduct) führen

    show somebody over or round the house/to his place — jemanden durchs Haus/an seinen Platz führen

    3. intransitive verb,
    p.p. shown or showed
    1) (be visible) sichtbar od. zu sehen sein

    he was angry/bored, and it showed — er war wütend/langweilte sich, und man sah es [ihm an]

    2) (be shown) [Film:] laufen; [Künstler:] ausstellen

    "Gandhi" - now showing in the West End — "Gandhi" - Jetzt im West End

    3) (make something known)

    time will show — man wird es [ja] sehen

    Phrasal Verbs:
    * * *
    [ʃəu] 1. past tense - showed; verb
    1) (to allow or cause to be seen: Show me your new dress; Please show your membership card when you come to the club; His work is showing signs of improvement.) zeigen
    2) (to be able to be seen: The tear in your dress hardly shows; a faint light showing through the curtains.) sich sehen lassen
    3) (to offer or display, or to be offered or displayed, for the public to look at: Which picture is showing at the cinema?; They are showing a new film; His paintings are being shown at the art gallery.) zeigen
    4) (to point out or point to: He showed me the road to take; Show me the man you saw yesterday.) zeigen
    5) ((often with (a)round) to guide or conduct: Please show this lady to the door; They showed him (a)round (the factory).) zeigen
    6) (to demonstrate to: Will you show me how to do it?; He showed me a clever trick.) zeigen
    7) (to prove: That just shows / goes to show how stupid he is.) zeigen
    8) (to give or offer (someone) kindness etc: He showed him no mercy.) erweisen
    2. noun
    1) (an entertainment, public exhibition, performance etc: a horse-show; a flower show; the new show at the theatre; a TV show.) die Schau
    2) (a display or act of showing: a show of strength.) zur Schau stellen
    3) (an act of pretending to be, do etc (something): He made a show of working, but he wasn't really concentrating.) der Schein
    4) (appearance, impression: They just did it for show, in order to make themselves seem more important than they are.) die Schau
    5) (an effort or attempt: He put up a good show in the chess competition.) der Eindruck
    •
    - showy
    - showiness
    - show-business
    - showcase
    - showdown
    - showground
    - show-jumping
    - showman
    - showroom
    - give the show away
    - good show! - on show
    - show off
    - show up
    * * *
    [ʃəʊ, AM ʃoʊ]
    I. NOUN
    1. (showing) Bekundung f geh, Demonstration f geh
    those members who had made the most open \shows of defiance surprisingly abstained diejenigen Mitglieder, die ihre Ablehnung am deutlichsten bekundet hatten, enthielten sich überraschenderweise der Stimme
    his refusal was a childish \show of defiance seine Weigerung war eine kindische Trotzreaktion
    \show of force Machtdemonstration f geh
    \show of kindness Geste f der Freundlichkeit
    \show of solidarity Solidaritätsbekundung f geh
    \show of strength/unity Demonstration f der Stärke/Einigkeit geh
    the troops paraded in a \show of strength through the capital die Truppen marschierten durch die Hauptstadt, um ihre Stärke zu demonstrieren
    despite their public \show of unity they are close to getting divorced obwohl sie nach außen hin Einigkeit demonstrieren, stehen sie kurz vor der Scheidung
    2. no pl (display, impression) Schau f
    just [or only] for \show nur der Schau wegen
    are those lights just for \show? sollen die Lichter nur Eindruck machen?
    to make a \show of sth etw zur Schau stellen
    he really made a \show of accepting the award ( fam) er hat bei der Entgegennahme des Preises die große Show [o eine Show] abgezogen fam
    3. no pl (impressive sight) Pracht f, Schauspiel nt geh
    a \show of colour/flowers eine Farben-/Blumenpracht
    4. (exhibition, event) Schau f, Ausstellung f
    dog/fashion \show Hunde-/Modenschau f
    retrospective \show Retrospektive f
    slide \show Diavorführung f, Diavortrag m
    ▪ to be on \show ausgestellt sein
    5. (entertainment) Show f; (on TV also) Unterhaltungssendung f; (at a theatre) Vorstellung f, Vorführung f
    puppet \show Puppenspiel nt, Marionettentheater nt
    quiz \show Quizsendung f, Quizshow f
    radio/stage \show Radio-/Bühnenshow f
    talent \show Talentwettbewerb m
    to stage a \show eine Show auf die Bühne bringen
    6. no pl ( fam: activity, affair) Sache f; (undertaking) Laden m fig fam; (situation) Situation f
    who will run the \show when she retires? wer wird den Laden schmeißen, wenn sie in Pension geht? fam
    she prefers to be in charge of her own \show sie zieht es vor, unabhängig schalten und walten zu können
    how did she run the \show when the company threatened legal action? wie hat sie die Angelegenheit geregelt, als die Firma mit rechtlichen Schritten drohte?
    I didn't like how he ran the \show during the strike mir hat es nicht gefallen, wie er mit der Situation während des Streiks umgegangen ist
    it's her [own] \show sie ist hier der Boss [o hat hier das Sagen] fam
    who is running the \show?, whose \show is it? wer ist hier der Boss [o hat hier das Sagen]? fam
    the wedding is their \show, let them do it their way es ist ihre Sache [zu entscheiden], wie ihre Hochzeit ablaufen soll
    ▪ the \show die Baseballoberliga
    8.
    ▶ bad [or poor] /good \show! ( dated fam) schwache Leistung!/gut [gemacht]!
    ▶ let's get the [or this] \show on the road ( fam) lasst uns die Sache [endlich] in Angriff nehmen
    ▶ the \show must go on ( saying) die Show muss weitergehen
    ▶ \show of hands [Abstimmung f per] Handzeichen nt
    let me see a \show of hands bitte mal die Hand hochheben
    let's have a \show of hands lass uns per Hand abstimmen
    by [or on] a \show of hands durch Handzeichen
    ▶ to make [or put on] a \show eine Schau abziehen fam
    ▶ to make [or put on] a \show of doing sth vortäuschen, etw zu tun
    they put on a \show of being interested sie taten so als seien sie interessiert, sie täuschten Interesse vor
    ▶ to put on [or up] a good \show sich akk bemühen, Einsatz zeigen
    <showed, shown or showed>
    1. (display, project)
    ▪ to \show [sb] sth [jdm] etw zeigen; (exhibit)
    ▪ to \show sth etw ausstellen; (perform)
    ▪ to \show sth etw vorführen; (produce)
    ▪ to \show sth etw vorzeigen
    don't ever \show yourself here again! lass dich hier ja nie wieder blicken!
    the photos \show them kissing and cuddling die Fotos zeigen sie küssend und in liebevoller Umarmung
    to \show sb one's ability jdm seine Fähigkeiten vorführen
    to \show a film einen Film zeigen [o fam bringen]
    this film has never been \shown on television dieser Film kam noch nie im Fernsehen
    to \show a flag eine Flagge hissen
    to \show one's passport at the border seinen Pass an der Grenze vorzeigen
    to \show sb one's ticket jdm seine Fahrkarte [vor]zeigen
    to \show slides Dias vorführen [o zeigen]
    to \show the time die Uhrzeit anzeigen
    to \show one's work ART [seine Arbeiten] ausstellen
    his paintings will be \shown in the National Gallery until May seine Bilder sind bis Mai in der Nationalgalerie zu sehen
    2. (expose)
    ▪ to \show sth etw sehen lassen
    your blouse is \showing your bra durch deine Bluse kann man deinen BH sehen
    this carpet \shows all the dirt bei dem Teppich kann man jedes bisschen Schmutz sehen
    3. (reveal)
    ▪ to \show sth etw zeigen [o erkennen lassen]
    he started to \show his age man begann, ihm sein Alter anzusehen
    he \showed no signs of improvement er zeigte keinerlei Besserung
    to \show courage/initiative/common sense Mut/Unternehmungsgeist/gesunden Menschenverstand beweisen
    to \show genius/originality Genie/Originalität beweisen
    to \show promise viel versprechend sein
    4. (express)
    ▪ to \show sth etw zeigen
    to \show a bias/enthusiasm for sth eine Vorliebe/Begeisterung für etw akk zeigen
    to \show clemency Milde walten lassen
    to \show compassion [for sb] [mit jdm] Mitleid haben
    to \show compunction Gewissensbisse haben
    to \show [sb] one's gratitude sich akk [jdm gegenüber] dankbar erweisen [o zeigen]
    to \show sb respect jdm Respekt erweisen
    you have to \show more respect du solltest mehr Respekt zeigen
    5. (point out, indicate)
    ▪ to \show sth [to sb] [jdm] etw zeigen; (represent)
    ▪ to \show sth etw darstellen
    the map \shows where her house is auf der Karte ist ihr Haus zu sehen
    this map \shows urban areas in grey auf dieser Karte sind die Stadtgebiete grau dargestellt
    it's \showing signs of rain es sieht nach Regen aus
    6. (explain)
    ▪ to \show sb sth jdm etw zeigen [o erklären]
    to \show sb the way jdm den Weg zeigen
    7. (record)
    ▪ to \show sth etw anzeigen; statistics etw [auf]zeigen
    to \show a loss/profit einen Verlust/Gewinn aufweisen
    ▪ to \show sth etw beweisen
    to \show cause LAW seine Gründe vorbringen
    order to \show cause gerichtliche Verfügung
    to \show one's mettle zeigen, was in einem steckt
    ▪ to \show sb that... jdm zeigen [o beweisen], dass...
    ▪ to \show [sb] how/why... [jdm] zeigen, wie/warum...
    ▪ to \show oneself [to be] sth sich akk als etw erweisen
    9. (escort)
    ▪ to \show sb into/out of/to sth jdn in etw akk /aus/zu etw dat führen [o bringen]
    ▪ to \show sb over [or AM usu around] a place jdm einen Ort zeigen
    they \showed us over the estate sie führten uns auf dem Anwesen herum
    10.
    ▶ to \show one's cards [or hand] seine Karten aufdecken fig
    ▶ to \show sb the door jdm die Tür weisen
    ▶ to dare [to] \show one's face es wagen, aufzukreuzen fam
    he won't dare to \show his face here again er wird es nie wieder wagen, hier aufzukreuzen fam
    ▶ to have nothing to \show for it [or for one's efforts] [am Ende] nichts vorzuweisen haben
    five years in the job, and what have you got to \show for it? du machst diesen Job nun schon seit fünf Jahren, und was hast du nun von all der Mühe?
    ▶ to \show [sb] no quarter ( liter) [mit jdm] kein Erbarmen haben
    ▶ to \show one's teeth die Zähne zeigen fig fam
    ▶ to \show one's true colours Farbe bekennen
    ▶ to \show the way [forward] den Weg weisen fig
    ▶ that will \show you/her ( fam) das wird dir/ihr eine Lehre sein
    <showed, shown or showed>
    1. (be visible) zu sehen sein
    the trees \show blue on these photographs die Bäume erscheinen auf diesen Fotos blau
    she's four months pregnant and starting to \show sie ist im vierten Monat schwanger und allmählich sieht man es auch
    to let sth \show sich dat etw anmerken lassen
    2. esp AM, AUS ( fam: arrive) auftauchen, aufkreuzen fam
    3. (be shown) film gezeigt werden, laufen fam
    now \showing at a cinema near you! jetzt im Kino!
    4. (exhibit) ausstellen
    5. AM (come third in horse racing) Dritte(r) f(m) werden
    * * *
    [ʃəʊ] vb: pret showed, ptp shown
    1. n
    1)

    (= display) a fine show of roses — eine Rosenpracht

    show of hands — Handzeichen nt, Hand(er)heben nt

    2) (= outward appearance) Schau f; (= trace) Spur f; (of hatred, affection) Kundgebung f

    to make a great show of being impressed/overworked/pleased — sich (dat) ganz den Anschein geben, beeindruckt/überarbeitet/erfreut zu sein

    without any show of emotion —

    3) (= exhibition) Ausstellung f

    dog/fashion show — Hunde-/Modenschau f

    4) (THEAT) Aufführung f; (TV, VARIETY OR POP SHOW) Show f; (RAD) Sendung f; (FILM) Vorstellung f

    to go to a show ( esp Brit : in theatre ) — ins Theater gehen; ( US : in movie theater ) ins Kino gehen

    See:
    → steal
    5) (esp Brit inf)

    (jolly) good show! (dated) bad show! (dated) (= what a pity) — ausgezeichnet!, bravo! schwaches Bild (inf) so ein Pech!

    to put up a good/poor show —

    it's a pretty poor show when... — das ist vielleicht traurig or ein schwaches Bild (inf), wenn...

    6) (inf: undertaking, organization) Laden m (inf)

    to give the ( whole) show away — alles verraten

    2. vt
    1) (= display) zeigen; (COMPUT) anzeigen; (at exhibition) ausstellen, zeigen; (= demonstrate) dog vorführen; slides, film zeigen, vorführen; passport, ticket vorzeigen

    to show sb sth, to show sth to sb — jdm etw zeigen

    show me how to do it — zeigen Sie mir, wie man das macht

    he had nothing to show for it — er hatte am Ende nichts vorzuweisen

    See:
    → hand, heel
    2) (= register) (an)zeigen; loss, profit haben, verzeichnen; rise in numbers aufzeigen; (thermometer, speedometer) stehen auf (+dat); (calendar) zeigen

    it shows that... — es zeigt, dass...

    the dial will show red if... — der Zeiger zeigt auf Rot, wenn...

    3) (= indicate) zeigen; (= prove) beweisen; kindness, favour erweisen; courage zeigen, beweisen; loyalty, taste, tact, intelligence beweisen; respect bezeigen; proof erbringen

    this shows him to be a thief —

    I hope I have shown how silly it is — ich habe hoffentlich (auf)gezeigt, wie dumm das ist

    it all or just goes to show that... — das zeigt doch nur, dass...

    4) (= reveal) zeigen

    it showed signs of having been used — man sah, dass es gebraucht worden war

    show a leg! ( Brit inf ) — raus aus den Federn! (inf)

    5) (= direct) zeigen

    to show sb in/out — jdn hereinbringen/hinausbringen or -begleiten

    to show sb out of a room — jdn hinausbegleiten, jdn aus dem Zimmer begleiten

    to show sb into a room — jdn hereinbringen, jdn ins Zimmer bringen

    to show sb to his seat/to the door — jdn an seinen Platz/an die or zur Tür bringen

    they were shown over or (a)round the factory — ihnen wurde die Fabrik gezeigt, sie wurden in der Fabrik herumgeführt

    3. vi
    1) (= be visible) zu sehen sein, sichtbar sein; (petticoat etc) vorsehen, rausgucken (inf); (film) gezeigt werden, laufen; (= exhibit artist) ausstellen

    the pregnancy or she is now beginning to show — man sieht or merkt jetzt allmählich, dass sie schwanger ist

    to show through —

    2)

    (= prove) it just goes to show! — da sieht mans mal wieder!

    4. vr

    he showed himself to be a coward —

    * * *
    show [ʃəʊ]
    A s
    1. (Her)Zeigen n:
    vote by show of hands durch Handzeichen wählen;
    show of teeth Zähnefletschen n
    2. Show f, Schau f, Zurschaustellung f:
    a show of force fig eine Demonstration der Macht
    3. (künstlerische etc) Darbietung, Vorführung f, Vorstellung f, Show f, Schau f:
    put on a show fig eine Schau abziehen, sich aufspielen;
    steal the show fig (jemandem) die Schau stehlen
    4. umg (Theater-, Film)Vorstellung f
    5. Show f, Schau f, Ausstellung f:
    on show ausgestellt, zu besichtigen(d)
    6. (Radio-, Fernseh)Sendung f
    7. (prunkvoller) Umzug
    8. fig Schauspiel n, Anblick m:
    make a sorry show einen traurigen Eindruck hinterlassen;
    make a good show eine gute Figur machen umg
    9. umg gute etc Leistung:
    good show! gut gemacht!, bravo!
    10. Protzerei f, Angeberei f (beide umg):
    for show um Eindruck zu machen, (nur) fürs Auge;
    be fond of show gern großtun
    11. (leerer) Schein:
    in outward show nach außen (hin);
    make a show of interest Interesse heucheln, sich interessiert geben;
    make a show of rage sich wütend stellen
    12. Spur f, Anzeichen n
    13. (Zirkus-, Theater) Truppe f
    14. umg Chance f:
    15. besonders Br umg Laden m, Sache f:
    a dull (poor) show eine langweilige (armselige) Sache;
    run the show den Laden oder die Sache schmeißen;
    give the (whole) show away sich oder alles verraten
    16. Pferderennen etc: dritter Platz
    B v/t prät showed, pperf shown, showed
    1. zeigen, sehen lassen, seinen Ausweis, seine Fahrkarte etc auch vorzeigen, -weisen:
    show o.s.
    a) auch show one’s face sich zeigen, sich sehen oder blicken lassen
    b) fig sich grausam etc zeigen, sich erweisen als;
    I’ll show him! der soll mich kennenlernen!;
    never show your face again! lass dich hier nie wieder blicken!;
    “not shown” (in Katalogen etc) „ohne Abbildung“; → card1 1 a, etc
    2. jemandem zeigen oder erklären ( how to do sth wie man etwas tut):
    show sb how to write jemandem das Schreiben beibringen
    3. sein Wissen etc an den Tag legen, zeigen
    4. Katzen etc ausstellen, auf einer Ausstellung zeigen
    5. zeigen:
    a) THEAT etc vorführen
    b) TV bringen
    6. jemanden ins Zimmer etc führen, geleiten, bringen:
    show sb about ( oder [a]round) the town jemandem die Stadt zeigen, jemanden in der Stadt herumführen;
    show sb over the house jemanden durch das Haus führen;
    show sb (a)round jemanden (herum)führen
    7. seine Absichten etc kundtun, offenbaren
    8. seine Pläne etc (auf)zeigen, darlegen
    9. zeigen, beweisen:
    you’ll have to show me! umg das wirst du mir (erst) beweisen müssen!
    10. JUR nachweisen, vorbringen:
    show proof JUR den Beweis erbringen; → cause A 4
    11. PHYS, TECH (an)zeigen:
    12. Gefühle zeigen, sich etwas anmerken lassen
    13. schlechten Geschmack etc zeigen, erkennen lassen, verraten
    14. jemandem eine Gunst etc erweisen:
    show sb gratitude sich jemandem gegenüber dankbar erweisen
    C v/i
    1. sichtbar werden oder sein, sich zeigen:
    the blood shows through her skin man sieht das Blut durch ihre Haut;
    it shows man sieht es; → time A 1
    2. umg sich zeigen, erscheinen
    3. aussehen ( like wie):
    show to advantage vorteilhaft aussehen
    4. be showing gezeigt werden, laufen (Film)
    * * *
    1. noun
    1) (display) Pracht, die

    a show of flowers/colour — eine Blumen-/Farbenpracht

    show of force/strength — etc. Demonstration der Macht/Stärke usw.

    2) (exhibition) Ausstellung, die; Schau, die

    dog show — Hundeschau, die

    3) (entertainment, performance) Show, die; (Theatre) Vorstellung, die; (Radio, Telev.) [Unterhaltungs]sendung, die; see also steal 1. 1)
    4) (coll.): (effort)

    put up a good/poor show — eine gute/schlechte Figur machen

    good show! — gut [gemacht]!

    5) (coll.): (undertaking, business)

    give the [whole] show away — alles ausquatschen (salopp)

    6) (outward appearance) Anschein, der

    make or put on a [great] show of doing something — sich (Dat.) [angestrengt] den Anschein geben, etwas zu tun

    2. transitive verb,
    p.p. shown or showed
    1) (allow or cause to be seen) zeigen; vorzeigen [Pass, Fahrschein usw.]

    show somebody something, show something to somebody — jemandem etwas zeigen

    have nothing/something to show for it — [dabei] nichts/etwas zum Vorzeigen haben

    this material does not show the dirt — auf diesem Material sieht man den Schmutz nicht; see also colour 1. 5); sign 1. 5)

    2) (manifest, give evidence of) zeigen; beweisen [Mut, Entschlossenheit, Urteilsvermögen usw.]
    3)

    show [somebody] kindness/mercy — freundlich [zu jemandem] sein/Erbarmen [mit jemandem] haben

    show mercy on or to somebody — Erbarmen mit jemandem haben

    4) (indicate) zeigen [Gefühl, Freude usw.]; [Thermometer, Uhr usw.:] anzeigen

    the firm shows a profit/loss — die Firma macht Gewinn/Verlust

    5) (demonstrate, prove) zeigen

    show somebody that... — jemandem beweisen, dass...

    it all/just goes to show that... — das beweist nur, dass...

    it all goes to show, doesn't it? — das beweist es doch, oder?

    I'll show you/him etc.! — ich werd's dir/ihm usw. schon zeigen!

    show somebody who's boss — jemandem zeigen, wer das Sagen hat

    6) (conduct) führen

    show somebody over or round the house/to his place — jemanden durchs Haus/an seinen Platz führen

    3. intransitive verb,
    p.p. shown or showed
    1) (be visible) sichtbar od. zu sehen sein

    he was angry/bored, and it showed — er war wütend/langweilte sich, und man sah es [ihm an]

    2) (be shown) [Film:] laufen; [Künstler:] ausstellen

    "Gandhi" - now showing in the West End — "Gandhi" - Jetzt im West End

    3) (make something known)

    time will show — man wird es [ja] sehen

    Phrasal Verbs:
    * * *
    (cinema) n.
    Vorstellung f. n.
    Ausstellung f.
    Schau -en f. v.
    (§ p.,p.p.: showed)
    or p.p.: shown•) = aufweisen v.
    aufzeigen v.
    ausstellen (auf einer Messe) v.
    vorführen v.
    vorweisen v.
    zeigen v.

    English-german dictionary > show

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